Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Advancements in Portable Voltammetry: A Promising Approach for Iron Speciation Analysis

Paolo Inaudi
* ORCID logo ,
Ornella Abollino
ORCID logo ,
Monica Argenziano
ORCID logo ,
Mery Malandrino
ORCID logo ,
Caterina Guiot
ORCID logo ,
Stefano Bertinetti
,
Laura Favilli
ORCID logo ,
Agnese Giacomino
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 4 October 2023 / Approved: 4 October 2023 / Online: 4 October 2023 (10:24:04 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Inaudi, P.; Abollino, O.; Argenziano, M.; Malandrino, M.; Guiot, C.; Bertinetti, S.; Favilli, L.; Giacomino, A. Advancements in Portable Voltammetry: A Promising Approach for Iron Speciation Analysis. Molecules 2023, 28, 7404. Inaudi, P.; Abollino, O.; Argenziano, M.; Malandrino, M.; Guiot, C.; Bertinetti, S.; Favilli, L.; Giacomino, A. Advancements in Portable Voltammetry: A Promising Approach for Iron Speciation Analysis. Molecules 2023, 28, 7404.

Abstract

Iron, a crucial element in our environment, plays a vital role in numerous natural processes. Understanding the presence and concentration of iron in the environment is very important, as it impacts various aspects of our planet’s health. On-site detection and speciation of iron are significant for several reasons. In this context, the present work aims to evaluate the applicability of voltammetry for on-site determination of iron and its possible speciation using a portable voltammetric analyzer. Voltammetry offers the advantage of convenience and cost-effectiveness. For iron (III) determination a modification of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with an antimony-bismuth film (SbBiFE) using acetate buffer (pH=4) as supporting electrolyte was used. The technique adopted was Square Wave Adsoptive Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry (SW-AdCSV) and we used 1-(2-piridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) as iron (III) ligand. Linearity, repeatability, detection limit and accuracy were determined using synthetic solutions, then a Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1643f - Trace Elements in Water was used for validation measurements in real matrix. The procedure was finally applied to real samples (tap, lake and sea water) and the results obtained were compared by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The results obtained demonstrated the excellent applicability of the proposed on-site voltammetric procedure for the determination of iron and its speciation in water.

Keywords

iron; Speciation; Voltammetry; Water; Antimony-Bismuth Film

Subject

Chemistry and Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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