Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Influence of Long-Term Outdoor Storage of Rockrose (Cistus laurifolius L.) Shrub Biomass on Biofuels Quality, Pre-Treatment and Combustion Processes

Raquel Bados
* ORCID logo ,
Irene Mediavilla
ORCID logo ,
Eduardo Tolosana
,
Elena Borjabad
* ,
Raquel Ramos
,
Miguel Fernández
,
Paloma Pérez
ORCID logo ,
Luis Saúl Esteban
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 21 September 2023 / Approved: 21 September 2023 / Online: 21 September 2023 (11:39:49 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Bados, R.; Mediavilla, I.; Tolosana, E.; Borjabad, E.; Ramos, R.; Fernández, M.J.; Pérez, P.; Esteban, L.S. The Influence of the Long-Term Outdoor Storage of Rockrose (Cistus laurifolius L.) Shrub Biomass on Biofuel’s Quality, Pre-Treatment and Combustion Processes. Biology 2023, 12, 1451. Bados, R.; Mediavilla, I.; Tolosana, E.; Borjabad, E.; Ramos, R.; Fernández, M.J.; Pérez, P.; Esteban, L.S. The Influence of the Long-Term Outdoor Storage of Rockrose (Cistus laurifolius L.) Shrub Biomass on Biofuel’s Quality, Pre-Treatment and Combustion Processes. Biology 2023, 12, 1451.

Abstract

Biomass storage is an essential requirement in the supply chain of bio-refineries and power plants. This research aims to evaluate the influence of long-term outdoor storage (1 year) of baled rockrose (Cistus laurifolius L.) shrub biomass on biofuel´s quality, pre-treatment processes and on combustion emissions in an industrial boiler. The raw material was obtained from different rockrose shrublands in North-center Spain. 233 tWM (tones of wet matter) of biomass were used to produce biofuels (30 mm milled biomass and Ø 8 mm pellets) in the pre-treatment pilot plants at CEDER-CIEMAT. The combustion tests were conducted in an industrial moving grate boiler with a thermal power of 50 MWth, in a 17 MWe power plant. Outdoor storage improved some quality biofuels parameters, mainly the reduction in ash content, what allowed to classify 30 mm milled material as class I1 (ISO 17225-9:2022) and pellets as class I3 (ISO 17225-2-2021). No significant differences were observed in the total specific mass flow and energy consumptions in the pre-treatment processes. The combustion tests had similar results, being the emissions below the limits established in the Directive (EU) 2015/2193. The results obtained indicated that 1-year outdoor store of rockrose-baled biomass under Mediterranean conditions was feasible for its subsequent use as biofuel.

Keywords

scrub; milling; pelletisation; emissions; ash content

Subject

Environmental and Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science and Technology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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