Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Skull Biomechanics and Simplified Cephalometric Lines for the Estimation of Muscular Lines of Action

Claudia Dolci
ORCID logo ,
Niccolo Cenzato
,
Cinzia Maspero
* ORCID logo ,
Lucia Giannini
,
Shahnawaz Khijmatgar
ORCID logo ,
Gianna Dipalma
ORCID logo ,
Gianluca Martino Tartaglia
,
Francesco Inchingolo
Version 1 : Received: 19 September 2023 / Approved: 20 September 2023 / Online: 21 September 2023 (03:19:18 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Dolci, C.; Cenzato, N.; Maspero, C.; Giannini, L.; Khijmatgar, S.; Dipalma, G.; Tartaglia, G.M.; Inchingolo, F. Skull Biomechanics and Simplified Cephalometric Lines for the Estimation of Muscular Lines of Action. J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13, 1569. Dolci, C.; Cenzato, N.; Maspero, C.; Giannini, L.; Khijmatgar, S.; Dipalma, G.; Tartaglia, G.M.; Inchingolo, F. Skull Biomechanics and Simplified Cephalometric Lines for the Estimation of Muscular Lines of Action. J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13, 1569.

Abstract

This study proposes a cephalometric analysis that can be used for biomechanical simulation by considering the important and complex relationship between craniofacial morphology and masseter muscle (MM) size and inclination and by including muscle values. The MM line of action drawn between the Gonion (Go) and Orbital (Or) point relative to dental and skeletal references (occlusal and Frankfort planes) were analyzed. A total of 510 pre-treatment lateral cephalometric tracings (217 males, 293 females, 6-50 years) and lateral Bolton standard tracings (6-18 years) were analyzed. The study examined the following: a) skeletal-cutaneous class (linear distance in mm between the projections of points A' and B' on the occlusal plane), b) the angle between the perpendicular line to the occlusal plane and the Go-Or line at the molar occlusal point, and c) the angle between the Go-Or line and the Frankfort plane. The skeletal classes of the patients ranged from -14.5 to 15.5 mm and did not differ by sex or age; the angle between the Go-Or line and the normal to the occlusal plane averaged 39° (range 15° to 53°) and decreased with age, while the angle between the Go-Or line and the Frankfort plane averaged 42° (range 30° to 54°), increased in older patients. No effect of gender was observed. The two angles were also significantly correlated with each other, but not with sagittal jaw discrepancy. Similar results were obtained with Bolton tracings; the positional relationship of the Go-Or line to the teeth and skeletal landmarks is partially consistent with the literature. The present cephalometric analysis can be usefully used to estimate the mechanical advantage of MM in biomechanical simulations of masticatory muscle performance.

Keywords

cephalometric analysis; skeletal classes; muscular lines

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Dentistry and Oral Surgery

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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