Fujita, S.; Takeda, H.; Noda, J.; Wakamori, H.; Kono, H. Chitosan Hydrogels Crosslinked with Oxidized Sucrose for Antimicrobial Applications. Gels2023, 9, 786.
Fujita, S.; Takeda, H.; Noda, J.; Wakamori, H.; Kono, H. Chitosan Hydrogels Crosslinked with Oxidized Sucrose for Antimicrobial Applications. Gels 2023, 9, 786.
Fujita, S.; Takeda, H.; Noda, J.; Wakamori, H.; Kono, H. Chitosan Hydrogels Crosslinked with Oxidized Sucrose for Antimicrobial Applications. Gels2023, 9, 786.
Fujita, S.; Takeda, H.; Noda, J.; Wakamori, H.; Kono, H. Chitosan Hydrogels Crosslinked with Oxidized Sucrose for Antimicrobial Applications. Gels 2023, 9, 786.
Abstract
Oxidized sucrose (OS) reacts with amino group-containing polysaccharides, including chitosan, without catalyst, resulting in hydrogels entirely composed of carbohydrates. The presence of imine bonds with low structural stabilities and unreacted aldehydes in the structures of these hydrogels hinder their application as biomaterials. Therefore, herein, the chitosan hydrogels (CTSGs) obtained after the crosslinking of chitosan with OS were reduced using sodium borohydride to convert imine bonds to secondary amines and aldehydes to alcohols. Structures of CTSGs were comprehensively characterized by Fourier transform infrared and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and results implied that the degree of crosslinking (CR) depended on the OS feed amount used during CTSG preparation. Properties of CTSGs were significantly dependent on CR; with an increase in CR, thermal stabilities and dynamic moduli of CTSGs increased, whereas their swelling properties decreased. CTSGs exhibited antimicrobial properties against the gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli, and their performances were also dependent on CR. Results indicated the potentials of CTSGs completely based on carbohydrates as antimicrobial hydrogels for various medical and pharmaceutical applications. We believe that this study will contribute to the development of hydrogels for application in the food, medical, and pharmaceutical fields.
Chemistry and Materials Science, Polymers and Plastics
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