Review
Version 1
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
IgY Antibodies from Birds: A Review on Affinity and Avidity
Version 1
: Received: 31 August 2023 / Approved: 31 August 2023 / Online: 1 September 2023 (09:10:27 CEST)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Pacheco, B.L.B.; Nogueira, C.P.; Venancio, E.J. IgY Antibodies from Birds: A Review on Affinity and Avidity. Animals 2023, 13, 3130. Pacheco, B.L.B.; Nogueira, C.P.; Venancio, E.J. IgY Antibodies from Birds: A Review on Affinity and Avidity. Animals 2023, 13, 3130.
Abstract
IgY antibodies are found in the blood and yolk of eggs. Several studies show the feasibility of utilising IgY for immunotherapy and immunodiagnosis. These antibodies have been studied because they fulfil the current needs for reducing, replacing, and improving the use of animals. Affinity and avidity represent the strength of the antigen-antibody interaction and directly influence antibody action. The aim of this review was to examine the factors that influence the affinity and avidity of IgY antibodies and the methodologies used to determine these variables. In birds, there are few studies on the maturation of antibody affinity and avidity and these studies suggest that the use of an adjuvant, type of antigen, strain of the animal, number of immunisations, and time interfere with the affinity and avidity of IgY antibodies. Regarding the methodologies, most studies use chaotropic agents to determine the avidity index. Studies involving solution phase and equilibrium titration reactions are also described. These results demonstrate the need for standardisation of methodologies for determination of affinity and avidity so that further studies can be performed to optimise the production of high avidity IgY antibodies.
Keywords
Chicken IgG; immunoglobulin Y; affinity maturation, immunochemistry.
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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