Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Dose Effects of Flubendiamide and Thiodicarb Against Spodoptera Species Developing on Bt and Non-Bt Soybean

Daniela N. Godoy
ORCID logo ,
Venicius E. Pretto
,
Poliana G. de Almeida
,
Marlon A. G. Weschenfelder
,
Luiz F. Warpechowski
,
Renato J. Horikoshi
,
Samuel Martinelli
,
Graham P. Head
,
Oderlei Bernardi
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 14 August 2023 / Approved: 15 August 2023 / Online: 15 August 2023 (08:26:46 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Godoy, D.N.; Pretto, V.E.; de Almeida, P.G.; Weschenfelder, M.A.G.; Warpechowski, L.F.; Horikoshi, R.J.; Martinelli, S.; Head, G.P.; Bernardi, O. Dose Effects of Flubendiamide and Thiodicarb against Spodoptera Species Developing on Bt and Non-Bt Soybean. Insects 2023, 14, 766. Godoy, D.N.; Pretto, V.E.; de Almeida, P.G.; Weschenfelder, M.A.G.; Warpechowski, L.F.; Horikoshi, R.J.; Martinelli, S.; Head, G.P.; Bernardi, O. Dose Effects of Flubendiamide and Thiodicarb against Spodoptera Species Developing on Bt and Non-Bt Soybean. Insects 2023, 14, 766.

Abstract

An increase in Spodoptera species was reported in Bt soybean fields expressing Cry1Ac insecticidal proteins in Brazil, requiring additional management with chemical insecticides. Here, we evaluated the dose effects of flubendiamide and thiodicarb on Spodoptera cosmioides (Walker, 1858), Spodoptera eridania (Stoll, 1782), Spodoptera albula (Walker, 1857) and Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) that survived on MON 87751 × MON 87708 × MON 87701 × MON 89788, expressing Cry1A.105, Cry2Ab2 and Cry1Ac; MON 87701 × MON 89788 soybean, expressing Cry1Ac; and non-Bt soybean. On unsprayed Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2/Cry1Ac soybean, only S. frugiperda showed ~60% mortality after 10 d, whereas S. cosmioides, S. eridania and S. albula showed >81% mortality. Surviving larvae of all species on this Bt soybean showed &gt;80% mortality when exposed to the field label dose of flubendiamide (70 mL/ha) or thiodicarb (400 g/ha) or at 50% of these doses. In contrast, all four species had <25% and <19% mortality on Cry1Ac and non-Bt soybean, respectively. Surviving S. cosmioides, S. eridania and S. albula on these soybean types presented >83% mortality post-exposure to both dose levels of flubendiamide and thiodicarb. Some S. frugiperda larvae surviving on Cry1Ac and non-Bt soybean sprayed with a 50% dose of either insecticide developed into adults. However, L1 larvae developing on Cry1Ac soybean leaves sprayed with flubendiamide and L2 larvae on this soybean sprayed with thiodicarb had a prolonged immature stage, and females lower fecundity, which are likely to impact its population growth on soybean.

Keywords

Bt soybean; chemical control; defoliator species; sublethal effects

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Agricultural Science and Agronomy

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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