Review
Version 1
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Seed Biology and Pharmacological Benefits of Fennel, Lavender, Thyme and Echinacea Species
†
These authors contributed equally to the work.
Version 1
: Received: 24 July 2023 / Approved: 25 July 2023 / Online: 26 July 2023 (03:26:02 CEST)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Shahrajabian, M.H.; Sun, W. Five Important Seeds in Traditional Medicine, and Pharmacological Benefits. Seeds 2023, 2, 290-308. Shahrajabian, M.H.; Sun, W. Five Important Seeds in Traditional Medicine, and Pharmacological Benefits. Seeds 2023, 2, 290-308.
Abstract
Medicinal and aromatic plants are gaining more importance because of their potential application in food, pharmaceutical and fragrance industry. Medicinal and aromatic plants have been used in cosmetics, perfumery, pharmaceuticals and food flavoring since ancient times, because of the presence of essential oils and different components. Seeds are of immense economic and biological importance, and they contain high oil, protein and starch reserves. The seeds of medicinal and aromatic plants are stores of important and active secondary metabolites that have been economically and commercially beneficial and helpful for medicine and pharmacy. The seeds of fennel are highly nutritious, and the seeds contain different minerals such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium. The seeds are helpful in weight loss and cancer prevention. They can also improve digestive health, regulate blood pressure, improve skin appearance, and promotes lactation. The main chemical components of lavender are linalool, linalyl acetate, 1,8-cineole, β-ocimene, camphor and terpinen-4-ol. The lavender essential oil has anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant and antinociceptive activities.The main components of thyme are p-cymene, γ-terpinene and thymol. Thyme can help to improve eyesight, and it has high anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. The main compounds of Echinacea species are chlorogenic acid, caftaric acid, cynarin, echinacoside and cichoric acid. The keyword searches for Fennel, Lavender, Thyme, Echinacea, Seed biology, Traditional medicinal science and seed anatomy were performed by using Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed and Google scholar. The aim of this article review is to survey the pharmacological and health benefits of seeds of important medicinal plants.
Keywords
echinaceae; fennel; lavender; pharmaceutical benefits; seed germination, thyme
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Agricultural Science and Agronomy
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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