Nnachi, G.U.; Hamam, Y.; Richards, C.G. The Efficacy of Multi-Period Long-Term Power Transmission Network Expansion Model with Penetration of Renewable Sources. Computation2023, 11, 179.
Nnachi, G.U.; Hamam, Y.; Richards, C.G. The Efficacy of Multi-Period Long-Term Power Transmission Network Expansion Model with Penetration of Renewable Sources. Computation 2023, 11, 179.
Nnachi, G.U.; Hamam, Y.; Richards, C.G. The Efficacy of Multi-Period Long-Term Power Transmission Network Expansion Model with Penetration of Renewable Sources. Computation2023, 11, 179.
Nnachi, G.U.; Hamam, Y.; Richards, C.G. The Efficacy of Multi-Period Long-Term Power Transmission Network Expansion Model with Penetration of Renewable Sources. Computation 2023, 11, 179.
Abstract
Electrical energy demand increase does evolve rapidly due to several socioeconomic factors such as industrialization, population growth, urbanization and of course the evolution of modern technologies in this 4th industrial revolution era. Such rapid increase in energy demand introduces a huge challenge in power system. Such has paved way for network operators to seek for alternative energy resources other than the conventional fossil fuel system. Hence, the penetration of renewable energy into the electricity supply mix has evolved rapidly in the past three decades. However, the grid system has to be well planned ahead to accommodate such increase in energy demand in the long run. Transmission Network Expansion Planning (TNEP) is a well ordered and profitable expansion of power facilities that meets the expected electric energy demand with an allowable degree of reliability. This paper proposes a TNEP model that minimises the network reinforcements, operational costs and costs of renewable energy penetrations, while satisfying the increase in demand. The problem is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem. The developed model has been tested in several IEEE test systems in multi-period scenarios. The paper also carried out a detailed derivation of the new non-negative variables in terms of the power flow magnitudes, the bus voltage phase angles and the lines’ phase angles for proper mixed integer variables’ decomposition techniques. Moreover, this paper tends to provide additional recommendation in terms of which particular year (within 20 years of planning period) can the network operators install new line(s), new corridor(s) and/or additional generation capacity to the respective existing power networks. Such is achieved by running incremental periods simulations from base year through the planning horizon. The results show the efficacy of the developed model in solving the TNEP problem with a reduced and acceptable computation time even for large power grid system.
Keywords
Alternating Current Model, Direct Current Model, Energy Demand; Mixed Integer Linear Programming, Maximum Generation Capacity, Optimal Generation Capacity, Renewable Energy Penetration, Transmission Network Expansion Planning.
Subject
Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
