Karoui, F.; Chambion, B.; Claudon, F.; Commault, B. Integrated Photovoltaics Potential for Passenger Cars: A Focus on the Sensitivity to Electrical Architecture Losses. Applied Sciences 2023, 13, 8373, doi:10.3390/app13148373.
Karoui, F.; Chambion, B.; Claudon, F.; Commault, B. Integrated Photovoltaics Potential for Passenger Cars: A Focus on the Sensitivity to Electrical Architecture Losses. Applied Sciences 2023, 13, 8373, doi:10.3390/app13148373.
Karoui, F.; Chambion, B.; Claudon, F.; Commault, B. Integrated Photovoltaics Potential for Passenger Cars: A Focus on the Sensitivity to Electrical Architecture Losses. Applied Sciences 2023, 13, 8373, doi:10.3390/app13148373.
Karoui, F.; Chambion, B.; Claudon, F.; Commault, B. Integrated Photovoltaics Potential for Passenger Cars: A Focus on the Sensitivity to Electrical Architecture Losses. Applied Sciences 2023, 13, 8373, doi:10.3390/app13148373.
Abstract
Among the explored solutions to reduce the environmental impact of the transport sector, Vehicle Integrated Photovoltaics. Thus, we developed a simulation tool of the distance covered by VIPV. It considers various usage patterns and vehicle types, several characteristics of the PV system and all the losses that may decrease energy yield. Focusing on passenger car, simulations indicate the order of influence of the parameters on the outputs of the model: geographic locality, shading, thresholds due to extra-consumption to charge the vehicle battery from PV and frequency of recharge with the grid. With projections of the technology in 2030, with 30 % shading, VIPV cover up to 1444 km yearly distance. This represents up to 12 % of the driven mileage. For the best month, it can get up to 14 km/day. For average Europe and worst-case conditions, VIPV cover only 293 km per year. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of solarized passenger car shows negative balance for low-carbon electricity mix and average solar irradiance. In favorable conditions, the carbon footprint is up to 489 kg CO2-equivalent avoided emissions on 13 years lifespan. Beyond km and LCA focus, VIPV may provide useful functions in non-interconnected zones and for resilience in disaster zones.
Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
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