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Microglial Responses to Stress-Induced Depression: Causes and Consequences
Version 1
: Received: 28 April 2023 / Approved: 28 April 2023 / Online: 28 April 2023 (03:28:05 CEST)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Afridi, R.; Suk, K. Microglial Responses to Stress-Induced Depression: Causes and Consequences. Cells 2023, 12, 1521. Afridi, R.; Suk, K. Microglial Responses to Stress-Induced Depression: Causes and Consequences. Cells 2023, 12, 1521.
Abstract
Chronic stress is a major risk factor for various psychiatric diseases, including depression; it induces a range of cellular and structural adaptations, culminating in altered neurocircuitry and subsequent depression. Accumulating evidence suggests that microglial cells orchestrate stress-induced depression. Preclinical studies of stress-induced depression revealed microglial inflammatory activation in regions of the brain that regulate mood. Although studies have identified several molecules that trigger inflammatory responses in microglia, the pathways that regulate stress-induced microglial activation remain unclear. Understanding the exact triggers that induce microglial inflammatory activation can help find therapeutic targets to treat depression. In the current review, we summarize the recent literature on possible sources of microglial inflammatory activation in animal models of chronic stress-induced depression. In addition, we describe how microglial inflammatory signaling affects neuronal health and causes depressive behavior. Finally, we propose ways to target the microglial inflammatory cascade to treat depressive disorders.
Keywords
chronic stress; depression; microglia; neuroinflammation; proinflammatory cytokines
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Neuroscience and Neurology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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