Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Primary Hyperaldosteronism in Cats: A Systematic Review

Version 1 : Received: 22 April 2023 / Approved: 23 April 2023 / Online: 23 April 2023 (04:22:06 CEST)

How to cite: Ruvira, G.; Marín-García, P.J.; Mejia, S.; Ramos, J.J.; Llobat, L. Primary Hyperaldosteronism in Cats: A Systematic Review. Preprints 2023, 2023040765. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202304.0765.v1 Ruvira, G.; Marín-García, P.J.; Mejia, S.; Ramos, J.J.; Llobat, L. Primary Hyperaldosteronism in Cats: A Systematic Review. Preprints 2023, 2023040765. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202304.0765.v1

Abstract

Background: The main of this study was to realize a systematic review of clinical features and prognosis factors associated to diagnosis and prognosis of primary hyperaldosteronism in cats. Methods: Clinical cases with hyperaldosteronism confirmed with histopathological analysis have been included. Studies without information about clinical confirmation, type of carcinoma or affected system were excluded. A total of nine studies with seventeen patients with primary hyperaldosteronisms were used for this systematic review. Results: All cats included presented hypertension, renal failure (34.48%), ocular problems (27,59%), cardiovascular alterations (24.14%) and nervous system defects (13.79%). High levels of blood pressure and serum levels of aldosterone are related to adenocarcinoma, whereas the potassium levels were lower than cats with adenoma or bilateral hyperplasia. Conclusions: In primary feline hyperaldosteronism, patients with adenocarcinoma show higher levels of aldosterone, higher blood pressure and lower potassium levels than patients with adenoma or nodular hyperplasia. Adrenocortical adenocarcinomas are more frequent in older cats than young, and these patients present several clinical signs, mainly renal failure, and ocular complications. Regardless of aldosterone levels, a favorable prognosis is associated with adrenalectomy.

Keywords

aldosterone levels; adrenocortical adenocarcinoma; Conn syndrome; feline adenocarcinoma; hyperaldosteronism

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Zoology

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