Preprint Article Version 36 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

There Is a Master Reality beyond Each Observer’s Reality

Markolf H. Niemz
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Version 1 : Received: 25 July 2022 / Approved: 26 July 2022 / Online: 26 July 2022 (09:39:10 CEST)
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How to cite: Niemz, M.H. There Is a Master Reality beyond Each Observer’s Reality. Preprints 2022, 2022070399. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202207.0399.v36 Niemz, M.H. There Is a Master Reality beyond Each Observer’s Reality. Preprints 2022, 2022070399. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202207.0399.v36

Abstract

In special (SR) and general relativity (GR), coordinate space x1, x2, x3 and coordinate time t span “coordinate spacetime”. Here I disclose two issues in SR/GR: (1) No device measures xi or t. Rulers and clocks measure proper distance di and proper time τ. Rather than being physical quantities, xi and t are mathematical constructs. One observer sets his di and τ equal to xi and t. (2) As in the geocentric model, there is no holistic view. Reality is always described from just one perspective. The analogy holds despite the covariance of SR/GR. In any transformed coordinates, there is again just one perspective. In Euclidean relativity (ER), d1, d2, d3, d4 span “proper spacetime” (d4=cτ). All energy is moving through a 4D Euclidean space (ES) at the speed c. Each observer’s reality is created by projecting ES orthogonally to his proper space d1, d2, d3 and to his proper time τ=d4/c. These four axes are set equal to x1, x2, x3, t in SR/GR and reassembled to a non-Euclidean spacetime. Thus, the symmetry of spacetime in SR/GR does not match the group SO(4) of ES. This mismatch is not an issue if we apply SR/GR to an observer’s reality (coordinate spacetime) and ER to what I call “master reality” (proper spacetime). Different realities do require different theories! What matters is that each observer’s reality can be retrieved from the master reality. ER boosts physics by solving the mysteries of time, the c2 in mc2, the Hubble tension, dark energy, the wave–particle duality, and entanglement. I conclude: Only in proper coordinates does nature disclose her secrets.

Keywords

spacetime; cosmology; Hubble constant; Hubble diagram; quantum mechanics

Subject

Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Comments (1)

Comment 1
Received: 2 October 2023
Commenter: Markolf Niemz
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author
Comment: I completely revised my theory. I do not (!) disprove SR/GR. Both theories work very well in each observer’s reality. I only question the “generality” of GR. I apologize for having prepared several preprint versions. It was tricky to figure out why SR/GR make correct predictions despite two issues.
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