Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Discovery of Avian Paramyxoviruses APMV-1 and APMV-6 in Shorebirds and Waterfowl in Southern Ukraine

Amy C. Klink
,
Oleksandr Rula
,
Mykola Sushko
,
Maksym Bezymennyi
,
Oleksandr Mezinov
,
Oleksandr Gaidash
,
Xiao Bai
,
Anton Stegniy
,
Mykola Sushko
,
Roman Datsenko
,
Sergiy Skorohod
,
Vitalii Nedosekov
ORCID logo ,
Nichola Hill
ORCID logo ,
Levan Ninua
,
Ganna Kovalenko
,
Anne Lise Ducluzeau
,
Andriy Mezhenskiy
,
Devin M. Drown
ORCID logo ,
Douglas Causey
ORCID logo ,
Borys Stegniy
,
Anton Gerilovych
,
Eric Bortz
* ORCID logo ,
Denys Muzyka
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 22 June 2022 / Approved: 23 June 2022 / Online: 23 June 2022 (09:33:18 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Klink, A.C.; Rula, O.; Sushko, M.; Bezymennyi, M.; Mezinov, O.; Gaidash, O.; Bai, X.; Stegniy, A.; Sapachova, M.; Datsenko, R.; Skorokhod, S.; Nedosekov, V.; Hill, N.J.; Ninua, L.; Kovalenko, G.; Ducluzeau, A.L.; Mezhenskyi, A.; Buttler, J.; Drown, D.M.; Causey, D.; Stegniy, B.; Gerilovych, A.; Bortz, E.; Muzyka, D. Discovery of Avian Paramyxoviruses APMV-1 and APMV-6 in Shorebirds and Waterfowl in Southern Ukraine. Viruses 2023, 15, 699. Klink, A.C.; Rula, O.; Sushko, M.; Bezymennyi, M.; Mezinov, O.; Gaidash, O.; Bai, X.; Stegniy, A.; Sapachova, M.; Datsenko, R.; Skorokhod, S.; Nedosekov, V.; Hill, N.J.; Ninua, L.; Kovalenko, G.; Ducluzeau, A.L.; Mezhenskyi, A.; Buttler, J.; Drown, D.M.; Causey, D.; Stegniy, B.; Gerilovych, A.; Bortz, E.; Muzyka, D. Discovery of Avian Paramyxoviruses APMV-1 and APMV-6 in Shorebirds and Waterfowl in Southern Ukraine. Viruses 2023, 15, 699.

Abstract

Emerging RNA virus infections are a growing concern among domestic bird and poultry industries due to the severe impact it can have on the flock health and economic livelihoods. Avian paramyxoviruses (APMV) are pathogenic, negative sense RNA viruses that cause serious infections in the respiratory and central nervous system. APMV was detected in multiple avian species during the 2017 migration season in Ukraine, and studied using PCR, virus isolation, and sequencing. Of the 4090 wild bird samples, eleven swabs were isolated in chicken embryos and identified for APMV serotype by hemagglutinin inhibition test: APMV-1, APMV-4, APMV-6, APMV-7. At a variety of sites in Ukraine we characterized the virulence of the virus and further analyzed and predicted the potential risks of spillover to immunologically naïve populations. RNA was extracted and amplified using a multiplex-tiling primer approach to encompass full cDNA genomes. Full-length APMV-1 (n=5) and APMV-6 (n=2) genomes were sequenced on an Oxford Nanopore MinION device in Ukraine. All APMV-1 and APMV-6 fusion (F) proteins possessed a monobasic cleavage site, suggesting these APMV were likely low virulence, annually circulating strains. Utilization of this low-cost method will identify gaps in viral evolution and circulation in this understudied but important critical region for Eurasia.

Keywords

Viral Ecology; APMV; wild birds; Surveillance of Avian Paramyxoviruses; phylogenetics; MinION; Azov-Black Sea region in Ukraine

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Virology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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