Family Environment Factors: Alcohol and Drug Misuse among Indonesian Students: Indonesia National Narcotics Survey of Students

Family environment has an important role in determining the personality and behavior of a child. This study examined the impact of family environment on alcohol and drug misuse among Indonesian students. Data were obtained from National Illicit Drug Use surveys of students in Indonesia 2016, conducted in 18 provinces. Subjects were 1,284 schools and 35,340 students. The surveys used the self-administrated Modified-UNODC Structured Illicit Drug questionnaire. Results show 13.7 % students ever drink alcohol, and drug misuse were accounted for 2.1% students within the past year. Among students who drink alcohol, 11% also drug users. In the latter group, they were likely to receive verbal and physical violence from their parents and never discuss any problems with their parents. Individual living in a family with existing risky behavior (alcohol drinking and/or drug misuse) is the strongest risk factor of alcohol drinking (aOR: 4.78; 4.27-5.37) and drug misuse (aOR: 2.32; 1.79-3.01). The result indicates that family environment affects these risky behaviors in a target population. Adjustment through parental support, control, and parenting style, particularly in initiating parent-child communication, may demonstrate positive roles in preventing alcohol drinking and drug use strategies in this target population.