Version 1
: Received: 20 August 2021 / Approved: 23 August 2021 / Online: 23 August 2021 (10:45:25 CEST)
How to cite:
Albarrán-Cárdenas, L.; Silva-Pereyra, J.; Martínez-Briones, B.J.; Bosch-Bayard, J.; Fernández, T. Neurofeedback Effects on EEG Connectivity in Children with Reading Disorder: I. Coherence. Preprints2021, 2021080427. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0427.v1
Albarrán-Cárdenas, L.; Silva-Pereyra, J.; Martínez-Briones, B.J.; Bosch-Bayard, J.; Fernández, T. Neurofeedback Effects on EEG Connectivity in Children with Reading Disorder: I. Coherence. Preprints 2021, 2021080427. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0427.v1
Albarrán-Cárdenas, L.; Silva-Pereyra, J.; Martínez-Briones, B.J.; Bosch-Bayard, J.; Fernández, T. Neurofeedback Effects on EEG Connectivity in Children with Reading Disorder: I. Coherence. Preprints2021, 2021080427. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0427.v1
APA Style
Albarrán-Cárdenas, L., Silva-Pereyra, J., Martínez-Briones, B.J., Bosch-Bayard, J., & Fernández, T. (2021). Neurofeedback Effects on EEG Connectivity in Children with Reading Disorder: I. Coherence. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0427.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Albarrán-Cárdenas, L., Jorge Bosch-Bayard and Thalía Fernández. 2021 "Neurofeedback Effects on EEG Connectivity in Children with Reading Disorder: I. Coherence" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0427.v1
Abstract
Electroencephalograms (EEGs) of children with reading disorder (RD) are characterized by higher power and coherence in slow frequencies (delta and theta bands) and lower power and coherence in the alpha band compared to EEGs of typically developed children. Neurofeedback (NFB) is useful for treating learning disorders by reinforcing the reduction of the theta/alpha ratio. This efficacy is supported by EEG power normalization and cognitive-behavioral improvement. To further explore brain changes in isolated areas, this study aimed to explore the effects of this NFB protocol on functional connectivity (coherence) in children with RD. Twenty children with RD and an abnormally high theta/alpha ratio underwent 30 sessions of NFB. After treatment, 90% of par-ticipants learned to decrease their theta/alpha ratio, and on average, children increased their reading accuracy and comprehension scores. Interhemispheric coherence diminished in the delta, theta and beta bands, mainly between frontopolar regions. Intrahemispheric coherence decreased in delta, theta and beta bands and increased in alpha band. The reduction in theta coherence be-tween the left frontal area and other regions of the left hemisphere had particular relevance for reading. These results suggest that this NFB treatment could positively impact reading-related functions in the brain networks of children with RD.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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