Deacy, A.M.; Gan, S.K.; Derrick, J.P. Superantigen Recognition and Interactions: Functions, Mechanisms and Applications. Preprints2021, 2021080406. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0406.v1
APA Style
Deacy, A.M., Gan, S.K., & Derrick, J.P. (2021). Superantigen Recognition and Interactions: Functions, Mechanisms and Applications. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0406.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Deacy, A.M., Samuel Ken-En Gan and Jeremy P. Derrick. 2021 "Superantigen Recognition and Interactions: Functions, Mechanisms and Applications" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0406.v1
Abstract
Superantigens are unconventional antigens which recognise immune receptors outside the usual binding sites e.g. complementary determining regions (CDRs), to elicit a response within the target cell. T-cell superantigens crosslink T-cell receptors and MHC Class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells, leading to lymphocyte recruitment, induction of cytokine storms and T-cell anergy or apoptosis among many other effects. B-cell superantigens, on the other hand, bind immunoglobulin receptors on B-cells affecting opsonisation, IgG-mediated phagocytosis, and drive B-cells into apoptosis. Here, through a review of the structural basis for recognition of immune receptors by superantigens, we show that their binding interfaces share specific physicochemical characteristics when compared with other protein-protein interaction complexes. Given that antibody-binding superantigens have been exploited extensively in industrial antibody purification, these observations could facilitate further protein engineering to optimize the use of superantigens in this and other areas of biotechnology.
Biology and Life Sciences, Biology and Biotechnology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
