Version 1
: Received: 2 February 2021 / Approved: 3 February 2021 / Online: 3 February 2021 (10:09:39 CET)
How to cite:
Munir, S.; Ahmad, S.; Gul, A. A Holistic View of the Biology of Pancreatic Cancer and Targeted Therapeutic Approaches to Treat the Cancer. Preprints2021, 2021020107. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202102.0107.v1
Munir, S.; Ahmad, S.; Gul, A. A Holistic View of the Biology of Pancreatic Cancer and Targeted Therapeutic Approaches to Treat the Cancer. Preprints 2021, 2021020107. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202102.0107.v1
Munir, S.; Ahmad, S.; Gul, A. A Holistic View of the Biology of Pancreatic Cancer and Targeted Therapeutic Approaches to Treat the Cancer. Preprints2021, 2021020107. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202102.0107.v1
APA Style
Munir, S., Ahmad, S., & Gul, A. (2021). A Holistic View of the Biology of Pancreatic Cancer and Targeted Therapeutic Approaches to Treat the Cancer. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202102.0107.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Munir, S., Shabir Ahmad and Ammara Gul. 2021 "A Holistic View of the Biology of Pancreatic Cancer and Targeted Therapeutic Approaches to Treat the Cancer" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202102.0107.v1
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a fatal disease with mortality rate of 5% and a with a limited survival rate of 5 years. Despite of the extensive efforts that has been made to cure the disease it still has been considered as ‘undruggable’. It is characterized by epithelial to dense stromal tumor formation however due to lack of diagnosis options and treatment test available to detect the disease to the point at which resection of the tumor is possible, it makes it the fourth leading cause of cancer related death. The unavailable information regarding the early detection of biological markers along with the increased invasive tumor, the inherit chemoresistance against medication radiation and chemotherapy stubbornly fail the therapeutic options available. These associated problems made the scientists to reevaluate the approaches that are currently in practice and take a step back to fully understand the basic biological pathways that are involved in the pancreatic cancer, the heterogeneity of the tumor itself along with expression and a number of mutations that are observed at different locations. Clinical trial along with new approaches are nowadays focus of research to treat this tumor. The review paper describes the basic cellular pathways involved in pancreatic cancer, the gene mutations and their expression having effect on the pathology of the diseases along with treatment options that are available to treat the tumor. These efforts will help with the expansion of our knowledge to undergo the clinical trial and the synthesis of novel medicines for the prognosis of the disease.
Keywords
PDAC; Nrf2; K-Ras; ROS
Subject
Chemistry and Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
