Preprint Article Version 3 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

IGFBP2 is a Potential Master-Regulator Driving Dysregulated Gene Network Responsible for Short Survival in Glioblastoma Multiforme

Version 1 : Received: 1 October 2020 / Approved: 2 October 2020 / Online: 2 October 2020 (15:21:34 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 10 December 2020 / Approved: 11 December 2020 / Online: 11 December 2020 (18:12:38 CET)
Version 3 : Received: 16 February 2021 / Approved: 17 February 2021 / Online: 17 February 2021 (12:58:18 CET)

How to cite: KP, M.; Wlochowitz, D.; Wingender, E.; Beißbarth, T.; KEL, A. IGFBP2 is a Potential Master-Regulator Driving Dysregulated Gene Network Responsible for Short Survival in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Preprints 2020, 2020100046. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202010.0046.v3 KP, M.; Wlochowitz, D.; Wingender, E.; Beißbarth, T.; KEL, A. IGFBP2 is a Potential Master-Regulator Driving Dysregulated Gene Network Responsible for Short Survival in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Preprints 2020, 2020100046. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202010.0046.v3

Abstract

Only two percent of Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients respond to standard care and survive beyond 36 months (long-term survivors, LTS) while the majority survive less than 12 months (short-term survivors, STS). To understand the mechanism leading to poor survival, we analyzed publicly available datasets of 113 STS and 58 LTS. This analysis revealed 198 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that characterize aggressive tumor growth and may be responsible for the poor prognosis. These genes belong largely to the GO-categories “epithelial to mesenchymal transition” and “response to hypoxia”. In this paper we applied upstream analysis approach which involves state-of-art promoter analysis and network analysis of the dysregulated genes potentially responsible for short survival in GBM. Binding sites for transcription factors associated with GBM pathology like NANOG, NF-κB, REST, FRA-1, PPARG and seven others were found enriched in the promoters of the dysregulated genes. We reconstructed the gene regulatory network with several positive feedback loops controlled by five master regulators – IGFBP2, VEGFA, VEGF165, PDGFA, AEBP1 and OSMR which can be proposed as biomarkers and as therapeutic targets for enhancing GBM prognosis. Critical analysis of this gene regulatory network gives insights on mechanism of gene regulation by IGFBP2 via several transcription factors including the key molecule of GBM tumor invasiveness and progression, FRA-1. All the observations are validated in independent cohorts and their impact on overall survival is studied.

Keywords

Glioblastoma; master regulators; upstream analysis; IGFBP2; FRA-1; FOSL1;short term survivors; transcription factors

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Comments (1)

Comment 1
Received: 17 February 2021
Commenter: Alexander Kel
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author
Comment: Version 3
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