Vázquez Alvarado, P.; Hernández Ceruelos, M.D.C.A.; Muñoz Juárez, S.; Reynoso Vázquez, J.; López Contreras, L.; Ruvalcaba Ledezma, J.C. Fluoride: Its Implications for Public Health. Preprints2018, 2018100481. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201810.0481.v1
APA Style
Vázquez Alvarado, P., Hernández Ceruelos, M.D.C.A., Muñoz Juárez, S., Reynoso Vázquez, J., López Contreras, L., & Ruvalcaba Ledezma, J.C. (2018). Fluoride: Its Implications for Public Health. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201810.0481.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Vázquez Alvarado, P., Luilli López Contreras and Jesús Carlos Ruvalcaba Ledezma. 2018 "Fluoride: Its Implications for Public Health" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201810.0481.v1
Abstract
The use of fluoride (F-) for decreasing the prevalence and incidence of tooth decay was the greatest worldwide preventive public health measure of the 20th century. There have been controversial reports about the benefits of the use of F-, because in small amounts it helps prevent dental caries, but in high concentrations it can be potentially toxic and harmful to dental and systemic health. Since the mid-20th century, F- has been studied by toxicologists, looking at its deleterious effects in human populations. During the last decade, the interest on the undesirable effects has resurfaced because of the knowledge that it interacts with the cellular system, even in low doses, with a very small safety margin. Acute ingestion of toxic amounts of fluoride can cause corrosive gastric mucosa injury. Also respiratory effects such as bleeding, pulmonary edema, tracheostomy and shortness of breath, have been observed in individuals who inhale hydrogen fluoride. Some researchers had shown that F- is an oxidizing agent and a well-known reversible enzymatic inhibitor that interferes with the enzyme activity of at least 80 proteins, can altered the intracellular redox equilibrium, lipid peroxidation, as well as, alteration in the gene expression and apoptosis induction. The primary purpose of this review is to examine findings of the action of inorganic F-, and an overview of hard and soft tissue disturbances, known as fluorosis. The goal of this review is to enhance understanding of the mechanisms by which F- affects cells with an emphasis on human tissue-specific events.
Keywords
fluoride; fluorosis; fluoride systemic damage; human health
Subject
Chemistry and Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
