Version 1
: Received: 15 April 2018 / Approved: 16 April 2018 / Online: 16 April 2018 (10:36:26 CEST)
Version 2
: Received: 14 June 2018 / Approved: 15 June 2018 / Online: 15 June 2018 (05:51:17 CEST)
How to cite:
Javaid, R.; Sabir, A.; Sheikh, N.; Ferhan, M. Recent Advances in Applications of Acidophilic Fungal Microbes for Bio-Chemicals. Preprints2018, 2018040204. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201804.0204.v1
Javaid, R.; Sabir, A.; Sheikh, N.; Ferhan, M. Recent Advances in Applications of Acidophilic Fungal Microbes for Bio-Chemicals. Preprints 2018, 2018040204. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201804.0204.v1
Javaid, R.; Sabir, A.; Sheikh, N.; Ferhan, M. Recent Advances in Applications of Acidophilic Fungal Microbes for Bio-Chemicals. Preprints2018, 2018040204. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201804.0204.v1
APA Style
Javaid, R., Sabir, A., Sheikh, N., & Ferhan, M. (2018). Recent Advances in Applications of Acidophilic Fungal Microbes for Bio-Chemicals. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201804.0204.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Javaid, R., Nadeem Sheikh and Muhammad Ferhan. 2018 "Recent Advances in Applications of Acidophilic Fungal Microbes for Bio-Chemicals" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201804.0204.v1
Abstract
Lignocellulosic feedstock (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) has been used for a variety of purposes. Among them, lignin can produce value-added chemicals having phenyl-propanoid subunits known as core lignin, possessing either C-C bonds or ether linkages. It can be depolymerized by microbial activity together with certain enzymes (laccases and peroxidases). Both acetic acid and formic acid production by certain fungi contribute significantly to lignin depolymerization. Natural organic acids production by fungi has many key roles in nature that are strictly dependent upon organic acid producing fungus type. Enzymatic conversion of lignocellulosic is beneficial over other physiochemical processes. Laccases, the copper containing proteins oxidize a broad spectrum of inorganic as well as organic compounds but most specifically phenolic compounds by radical catalyzed mechanism. Similarly, lignin peroxidases (LiP), the heme containing proteins perform a vital part in oxidizing a wide variety of aromatic compounds with H2O2. Lignin depolymerization yields polyaromatics, the important ones are BTX (Benzene, Xylene and Toluene), found in several different configurations. However, most modern aromatics complexes enhance the production of p-xylene, benzene and sometimes o-xylene respectively. Thus, this review will provide a concept that chemical and biological modifications of lignin yield certain value added and environment friendly chemicals.
Keywords
lignocellulosic biomass; laccases; peroxidases; green biochemical; acidophilic microbes
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Biology and Biotechnology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
