Geometric Unification of Electromagnetism and Gravitation

Raymond J. Beach

doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0022.v1

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preprints.org > physical sciences > particle and field physics > doi: 10.20944/preprints201711.0022.v1

Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Geometric Unification of Electromagnetism and Gravitation

Raymond J. Beach

Version 1 : Received: 2 November 2017 / Approved: 3 November 2017 / Online: 3 November 2017 (02:17:11 CET)
Version 2 : Received: 3 November 2019 / Approved: 4 November 2019 / Online: 4 November 2019 (04:04:58 CET)
Version 3 : Received: 8 August 2020 / Approved: 9 August 2020 / Online: 9 August 2020 (22:12:13 CEST)
Version 4 : Received: 24 July 2021 / Approved: 26 July 2021 / Online: 26 July 2021 (12:04:41 CEST)
Version 5 : Received: 5 December 2021 / Approved: 6 December 2021 / Online: 6 December 2021 (11:52:36 CET)
Version 6 : Received: 4 September 2022 / Approved: 6 September 2022 / Online: 6 September 2022 (04:24:39 CEST)
Version 7 : Received: 14 May 2023 / Approved: 15 May 2023 / Online: 15 May 2023 (14:37:07 CEST)
Version 8 : Received: 9 January 2024 / Approved: 11 January 2024 / Online: 12 January 2024 (09:54:40 CET)

How to cite: Beach, R.J. Geometric Unification of Electromagnetism and Gravitation. Preprints 2017, 2017110022. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201711.0022.v1 Beach, R.J. Geometric Unification of Electromagnetism and Gravitation. Preprints 2017, 2017110022. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201711.0022.v1

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MDPI and ACS Style

Beach, R.J. Geometric Unification of Electromagnetism and Gravitation. Preprints 2017, 2017110022. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201711.0022.v1

APA Style

Beach, R.J. (2017). Geometric Unification of Electromagnetism and Gravitation. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201711.0022.v1

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beach, R.J. 2017 "Geometric Unification of Electromagnetism and Gravitation" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201711.0022.v1

Abstract

Using four equations, a recently proposed classical field theory that geometrically couples electromagnetism to gravitation in a fundamentally new way is reviewed. Maxwell’s field equations are a consequence of the new theory as are Einstein’s field equations augmented by a term that can replicate both dark matter and dark energy. To emphasize the unification brought to electromagnetic and gravitational phenomena by the new theory specific solutions are investigated: a spherically-symmetric charged particle solution, a cosmological solution representing a homogeneous and isotropic universe, and solutions representing electromagnetic and gravitational waves. A unique feature of the new theory is that both charge and mass density are treated as dynamic fields, this as opposed to their treatment in the classical Maxwell and Einstein field equations where they are introduced as external entities. This feature suggests a procedure for quantizing the mass, charge and angular momentum that characterize particle-like solutions. Finally, antimatter, which is naturally accommodated by the new theory, and its interaction with a gravitational field is investigated.

Keywords

unified field theory; electromagnetism; Maxwell’s equations; gravitation; General Relativity; Einstein’s field equations; gravitational radiation; hidden variable; dark matter; dark energy

Subject

Physical Sciences, Particle and Field Physics

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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