Version 1
: Received: 7 August 2017 / Approved: 8 August 2017 / Online: 8 August 2017 (13:24:39 CEST)
How to cite:
Ali, A.M.; Abu-Hassan, M.A.; Ibrahim, R.R.; Zaini, M.A.A.; Abdulkarim, B.I.; Hussein, A.S.; Su, S.M.; Mohd Halim, M.A.I. Characterization of Petroleum Sludge from Refinery Industry Biological Wastewater Treatment Unit. Preprints2017, 2017080033. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201708.0033.v1
Ali, A.M.; Abu-Hassan, M.A.; Ibrahim, R.R.; Zaini, M.A.A.; Abdulkarim, B.I.; Hussein, A.S.; Su, S.M.; Mohd Halim, M.A.I. Characterization of Petroleum Sludge from Refinery Industry Biological Wastewater Treatment Unit. Preprints 2017, 2017080033. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201708.0033.v1
Ali, A.M.; Abu-Hassan, M.A.; Ibrahim, R.R.; Zaini, M.A.A.; Abdulkarim, B.I.; Hussein, A.S.; Su, S.M.; Mohd Halim, M.A.I. Characterization of Petroleum Sludge from Refinery Industry Biological Wastewater Treatment Unit. Preprints2017, 2017080033. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201708.0033.v1
APA Style
Ali, A.M., Abu-Hassan, M.A., Ibrahim, R.R., Zaini, M.A.A., Abdulkarim, B.I., Hussein, A.S., Su, S.M., & Mohd Halim, M.A.I. (2017). Characterization of Petroleum Sludge from Refinery Industry Biological Wastewater Treatment Unit. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201708.0033.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Ali, A.M., Sheila M. Su and Muhd Azril I. Mohd Halim. 2017 "Characterization of Petroleum Sludge from Refinery Industry Biological Wastewater Treatment Unit" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201708.0033.v1
Abstract
Thermal plasma technique is becoming prominent in the treatment of variety of waste ranging from municipal solid waste, incinerator residue, hospital waste, electronics waste and industrial sludge. Application of the new treatment technology to petroleum sludge requires information on the nature and characteristics of the sludge that will be use to optimize the treatment system. In this investigation, petroleum sludge obtained from Petronas Melaka was characterized for its physical and chemical features. Proximate and ultimate analysis as well as determination of elemental composition were carried out. The sludge was found to contain high moisture (78.91%), low ash (5.06%), low volatiles (5.52%) and high fixed carbon (10.51%). The sludge has a TOC of 54.48% and HHV of 23.599MJ/kg. Despite the high moisture content, the higher heating value (HHV) is high when compared to literature values. The high value of HHV may be associated with the high fixed carbon, low ash content and high value of TOC. The apparent density of the sludge is slightly lower. Fourteen heavy metals are detected in significant quantities. Proper waste management that will safely dispose the sludge is required. The waste disposal technique should take into cognizant the possibility of leaching of heavy metals into ground water on one hand and the gasification of lighter ones on the other.
Keywords
petroleum sludge; characterization; total organic carbon; metal concentration
Subject
Engineering, Chemical Engineering
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.