Version 1
: Received: 26 October 2016 / Approved: 27 October 2016 / Online: 27 October 2016 (11:31:29 CEST)
Version 2
: Received: 25 September 2017 / Approved: 26 September 2017 / Online: 26 September 2017 (04:13:47 CEST)
Roy, I., & Kripalani, R. H. (2019). The role of natural factors (part 1): addressing on mechanism of different types of ENSO, related teleconnections and solar influence. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 137(1-2), 469-480.
Roy, I., & Kripalani, R. H. (2019). The role of natural factors (part 1): addressing on mechanism of different types of ENSO, related teleconnections and solar influence. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 137(1-2), 469-480.
Roy, I., & Kripalani, R. H. (2019). The role of natural factors (part 1): addressing on mechanism of different types of ENSO, related teleconnections and solar influence. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 137(1-2), 469-480.
Roy, I., & Kripalani, R. H. (2019). The role of natural factors (part 1): addressing on mechanism of different types of ENSO, related teleconnections and solar influence. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 137(1-2), 469-480.
Abstract
A flow chart is presented depicting coupling in ocean-atmosphere system, initiated by solar decadal variability that involves El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Possible mechanisms for Canonic ENSO, Modoki ENSO and Canonic-Modoki ENSO are proposed considering their relevance to the decadal variation of Hadley, Walker circulation and mid-latitude jets. It also discusses subsequent teleconnections by ENSO on Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) with a special emphasis on later two decades of the last century. Possible mechanisms relating to a disruption of the usual ENSO-ISM teleconnection for those decades are emphasised; the role of volcanos and the change in the sun- NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) connection were attended. The regional Hadley circulation, via the NAO in the northern hemisphere and Indian Ocean Dipole in the southern hemisphere, during that period, may have a role in the change in ISM behaviour- which though captured in observation but missed by models. The representation of flow chart helps to improve understanding of various types of ENSO in both temporal as well as spatial scale. The overall study subsequently can benefit the modelling community by not only improved the representation of ENSO in models but also better representation of ISM teleconnection via regional Hadley cell.
solar cyclic variability; Canonical and Modoki ENSO; Indian summer monsoon
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science and Meteorology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
