Propolis is known to have many benefits, especially in the health sector. Due to the sharp aroma & taste, and the phenolic compounds contained in propolis are easily oxidized & hydrolyzed at high temperatures, the application of propolis in the food sector is still lacking. Microencapsulation with a coacervation complex is used to overcome these problems. The thickness of the coating material is an important factor in the microencapsulation of complex coacervation. This study aimed to determine the coating ratio used to produce propolis microcapsules with the highest phenolic stability during storage and heating. This study consisted of three treatment ratios of whey protein isolate (WPI) & pectin coating materials 1:2, 1:1, and 2:1. The results showed that the yield value ranged from 37.279-40.116%, aw 0.375-0.529, and encapsulation efficiency 85.45-96.44%. The color of the microcapsules produced was bright (L* = 94.28-95.35%), tended to be reddish (a* = 0.07-0.11) & yellowish (b* = 4.36-4.83). The difference in the ratios treatment significantly affected the storage stability, while the heating stability ratio only significantly affected the 2:1 treatment. The best total phenolic stability of propolis microcapsules during storage & heating was obtained by 1:1 treatment with retention values of 97.31% and 63.86%.

Encapsulation is a valuable strategy to protect and deliver anthocyanins (ACNs), phenolic com-pounds with outstanding antioxidant capacity but limited stability. In this study, coacervation was used to encapsulate an ACNs-rich red cabbage extract (RCE). Two agri-food by-products polymers, whey protein isolate (WPI) and apple high-methoxyl pectin (HMP), were blended at pH 4.0 in a specific ratio to induce the formation of nanoparticles (NPs). The process optimisation yielded a monodispersed population (PDI < 0.200) of negatively charged (-17 mV) NPs with an average diameter of 380 nm. RCE concentration influenced size, charge, and antioxidant capacity in a dose-dependent manner. NPs were also sensitive to pH increase from 4 to 7, showing a progressive breakdown. The encapsulation efficiency was 30%, with a retention of ACNs within the polymeric matrix being influenced by their chemical structure: diacylated and/or C3-triglucoside forms were more efficiently encapsulated than monoacylated C3-diglucosides. In conclusion, we report a promising, simple, and sustainable method to produce monodispersed NPs for ACNs encapsu-lation and delivery. Evidence of differential binding of ACNs to NPs, dependent on specific ac-ylation/glycosylation patterns, indicate that care must be taken in the choice of the appropriate NPs formulation for the encapsulation of phenolic compounds.

This year marks the 20th anniversary of the discovery that proteins with various cellular functions can be temporarily immobilized in the nucleolus, a process known as nucleolar sequestration. This review reflects on the progress made to understand the physiological roles of nucleolar sequestration and the mechanisms involved in protein immobilization. We discuss how nucleolar sequestration consists of a highly choreographed amyloidogenic liquid-to-solid phase transition that converts the nucleolus into Amyloid bodies (A-bodies). The study of solid condensates A-bodies will offer unique perspectives on cellular assembly of membrane-less compartments and provide alternative insights on pathological amyloidogenesis involved in neurological disorders.