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On the Incorporation of the D Meson into the CKM Matrix

Submitted:

01 September 2026

Posted:

03 September 2026

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Abstract
This article shows that the relationships between the weak interaction mediated by the non-angular dipole moment of quarks, the weak-interaction boson W as a meson composed of top quarks, and the isospin of the top quark arising from its relativistic state as a u/d quark, as revealed by the Structural Model of Particle Physics, provide a basis for extending the role of the top quark in the CKM matrix. In this way, the neutral D meson obtains a natural place alongside the neutral kaon and the neutral B mesons. This approach resolves a longstanding problem that has remained unresolved within the Standard Model of Particle Physics.
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