With the evolution of the new power system, the importance of substation grounding network performance is increasingly prominent, the optimization of the old substation renovation work is also gradually into the right track and attention. In this paper, the impact of resistive coupling between the grounding network system and its surrounding underground metal pipe network system in the substation renovation project is explored and analyzed in depth, and the electromagnetic field model of the grounding network and the pipe network is established respectively by using the research method of field-circuit coupling and the two simulation software CDEGS and ETAP are integrated to focus on the changes in key performance parameters during the renovation of substation grounding network, and it is found that its resistive coupling effect leads to some fluctuations in the key performance parameters. Based on the above research content, a series of optimized protection measures suitable for the actual reconstruction project are further proposed, aiming at guaranteeing the safe and stable operation of the grounding system as well as the surrounding metal pipe network under fault conditions. This study provides a theoretical basis and practical technical support for the optimization of substation grounding network and similar projects.