Size-Scale Effects on Brittleness and Safety. Next Scientific Revolution in Bridge Engineering?

Based on the scientific and technological revolutions that have characterized Structural Engineering during the last two centuries, we can acknowledge how the historical scale doubling of suspension bridges has occurred for at least four times, from the beginning of the XIX to the end of the XX Century. These four revolutions represent the tangible mankind’s challenge against natural forces: gravity, wind, earthquake. In this context, the prospective scale doubling requested by next-generation bridges (e.g., the Messina Straits Bridge) could take place only if significant scientific and/or technological innovations occur. This opportunity is presently offered by Fracture Mechanics, since any appropriate advanced design approach should take into account also brittleness size-scale effects, in addition to loading-capacity size-scale effects, which are well-known since Galileo’s studies. From the technological point of view, the open problem of physical similitude could be effectively solved by using fibre-reinforcement.