Submitted:
17 January 2026
Posted:
19 January 2026
You are already at the latest version
Abstract
To address the critical challenges of hazardous material (HAZMAT) incidents in dense urban areas, this study develops a hybrid framework for spatial emergency response optimization tailored for Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). Our approach integrates the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) with a rigorous technical benchmarking of multiple navigation APIs to improve routing decisions under volatile Bangkok traf-fic. By employing a normalized cost function (scale 0–1), we evaluated the perfor-mance of localized (Longdo) versus global (Google and OpenStreetMap) platforms across day and night scenarios. Experimental results, yielding normalized costs be-tween 0.464 and 0.748, identified Bon Kai as the optimal response node, whereas Chan Road showed the lowest efficiency. Interestingly, OpenStreetMap provided the highest temporal consistency for emergency logistics. These findings offer a practical deci-sion-support tool for authorities, proving that integrated API assessment is essential for building resilient and responsive urban mobility infrastructures.
Keywords:
emergency response optimization
; route optimization
; multi-api benchmarking
; analytic hierarchy process
; fuzzy ahp
; fire station operations
; emergency logistics
Copyright: This open access article is published under a Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license, which permit the free download, distribution, and reuse, provided that the author and preprint are cited in any reuse.
