Kinetic Investigation of Dyeing of Polyamide Fabrics with Acid Dyestuff Using Microwave Irradiation and Conventional Heating System

In this study, the dyeing kinetics of polyamide fabrics with acid dyes, Telon Blue M2R, under both conventional and microwave-assisted heating conditions were comprehensively investigated. While the conventional dyeing reaction was completed in 30 minutes, microwave-assisted dyeing was performed in the microwave device for 10 minutes. Dyeing kinetics were investigated as a function of reaction time, reaction concentration and dyeing temperatures. The K/S values (color depth) of the dyed fabrics were correlated with the concentration. A significant reduction in the dyeing process time for polyamide fabric was observed with microwave heating compared to the conventional method. Kinetic analysis revealed that the PSO kinetic model provides a better fit to the experimental data on the diffusion process of acid dye in polyamide fabrics, as evidenced by higher correlation coefficients (R²) compared to the PFO model. The activation energy of the reaction in dyeing was found to be 63.27 kJ/mol, and the Arrhenius constant was determined as 7,20 x 10¹⁰ L/g.min in conventional media and 18,70 x 10¹⁰ L/g.min in microwave media. The Arrhenius factor in the microwave medium was more than two times higher than in the conventional one.