Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in People Living with HIV: TUBHIVIT Project, a Multicentre Italian Study

Luca Pipitò
,
Elena Delfina Ricci
ORCID logo ,
Paolo Maggi
ORCID logo ,
Giuseppe Vittorio De Socio
,
Giovanni Francesco Pellicano
,
Marcello Trizzino
,
Raffaella Rubino
,
Alessandra Lanzi
,
Lorenzo Crupi
,
Ilaria Capriglione
,
Nicola Squillace
,
Giuseppe Nunnari
,
Antonio Di Biagio
ORCID logo ,
Paolo Bonfanti
ORCID logo ,
Antonio Cascio
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 26 April 2024 / Approved: 26 April 2024 / Online: 26 April 2024 (20:02:59 CEST)

How to cite: Pipitò, L.; Ricci, E.D.; Maggi, P.; De Socio, G.V.; Pellicano, G.F.; Trizzino, M.; Rubino, R.; Lanzi, A.; Crupi, L.; Capriglione, I.; Squillace, N.; Nunnari, G.; Di Biagio, A.; Bonfanti, P.; Cascio, A. Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in People Living with HIV: TUBHIVIT Project, a Multicentre Italian Study. Preprints 2024, 2024041770. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1770.v1 Pipitò, L.; Ricci, E.D.; Maggi, P.; De Socio, G.V.; Pellicano, G.F.; Trizzino, M.; Rubino, R.; Lanzi, A.; Crupi, L.; Capriglione, I.; Squillace, N.; Nunnari, G.; Di Biagio, A.; Bonfanti, P.; Cascio, A. Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in People Living with HIV: TUBHIVIT Project, a Multicentre Italian Study. Preprints 2024, 2024041770. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1770.v1

Abstract

Background: The coexistence of HIV infection and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) presents a significant public health concern due to the increased risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation and progression to active disease. The multicenter observational cohort study, TUBHIVIT, conducted in Italy from 2017 to 2023, aimed to assess the prevalence of LTBI among people living with HIV (PLHIV) and their outcomes following LTBI screening and therapy initiation. Methods: We performed a prospective study in 5 referral centers for HIV care in Italy. PLHIV who consented to participate underwent QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus and clinical, microbiological, and radiological assessments to exclude subclinical tuberculosis, as opportune. PLHIV diagnosed with LTBI that started chemoprophylaxis were followed until the ending of therapy. Results: A total of 1105 PLHIV were screened for LTBI using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus test, revealing a prevalence of 3.4% of positive results (38/1105). Non-Italy-born individuals exhibited a significantly higher likelihood of testing positive. Thirty-one were diagnosed with LTBI, 1 showed active subclinical TB, 6 were lost to follow-up before discriminating between latent and active TB. Among PLHIV diagnosed with LTBI, 83.9% (26/31) started chemoprophylaxis. Most individuals received 6-9 months of isoniazid-based therapy. Of the 26 PLHIV commencing chemoprophylaxis, 18 (69.2%) completed the therapy, while 3 discontinued it and 5 were still on treatment at the time of the analysis. Adverse events were observed in two cases, while in one case the patient refused to continue the treatment.

Keywords

Tuberculosis; HIV; latent tuberculosis; TB; LTBI

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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