Version 1
: Received: 12 April 2024 / Approved: 15 April 2024 / Online: 16 April 2024 (16:23:04 CEST)
How to cite:
Machacek, D.T.; Yasar, N.; Widmer, F.; Huber, T.; Onder, C. Energy Management of Hydrogen Hybrid Electric Vehicles – Online-Capable Control. Preprints2024, 2024041014. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1014.v1
Machacek, D.T.; Yasar, N.; Widmer, F.; Huber, T.; Onder, C. Energy Management of Hydrogen Hybrid Electric Vehicles – Online-Capable Control. Preprints 2024, 2024041014. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1014.v1
Machacek, D.T.; Yasar, N.; Widmer, F.; Huber, T.; Onder, C. Energy Management of Hydrogen Hybrid Electric Vehicles – Online-Capable Control. Preprints2024, 2024041014. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1014.v1
APA Style
Machacek, D.T., Yasar, N., Widmer, F., Huber, T., & Onder, C. (2024). Energy Management of Hydrogen Hybrid Electric Vehicles – Online-Capable Control. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1014.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Machacek, D.T., Thomas Huber and Christopher Onder. 2024 "Energy Management of Hydrogen Hybrid Electric Vehicles – Online-Capable Control" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1014.v1
Abstract
The results shown in this paper extend our research group's previous work, which presents the theoretically achievable hydrogen engine-out NOx (H2-NOx) Pareto front of a hydrogen hybrid electric vehicle (H2-HEV). While the Pareto front is calculated offline, which requires significant computing power and time, this work presents an online-capable algorithm to tackle the energy management of a H2-HEV with explicit consideration of the H2-NOx trade-off. Through the inclusion of realistic predictive data on the upcoming driving mission, a model predictive control algorithm (MPC) is utilized to effectively tackle the conflicting goal of achieving low hydrogen consumption while simultaneously minimizing the NOx. In a case study it is shown that the MPC is able to satisfy user-defined NOx limits over the course of various driving missions. Moreover, a comparison to the optimal Pareto front highlights the MPC's ability to achieve close-to-optimal fuel-performance for any desired cumulated NOx target on four realistic routes for passenger cars.
Keywords
Hydrogen internal combustion engine; Hybrid electric vehicle; H2-NOx trade-off; Extremely low NOx; Energy management
Subject
Engineering, Control and Systems Engineering
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
