Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Changes and Functions of CX3CL1 in Viral Infection and Associated Diseases

Chunmei Zhang
ORCID logo ,
Yusi Zhang
ORCID logo ,
Ran Zhuang
ORCID logo ,
Kun Yang
,
Lihua Chen
,
Boquan Jin
,
Ying Ma
,
Yun Zhang
,
Kang Tang
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 20 March 2024 / Approved: 20 March 2024 / Online: 20 March 2024 (10:21:09 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Zhang, C.; Zhang, Y.; Zhuang, R.; Yang, K.; Chen, L.; Jin, B.; Ma, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Tang, K. Alterations in CX3CL1 Levels and Its Role in Viral Pathogenesis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 4451. Zhang, C.; Zhang, Y.; Zhuang, R.; Yang, K.; Chen, L.; Jin, B.; Ma, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Tang, K. Alterations in CX3CL1 Levels and Its Role in Viral Pathogenesis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 4451.

Abstract

CX3CL1, also named fractalkine or neurotactin, the only known member of the CX3C chemokine family that can chemoattract several immune cells. CX3CL1 exists in both membrane-anchored and soluble forms, each mediating distinct biological activities. CX3CL1 signals are transmitted through its unique receptor, CX3CR1, primarily expressed in microglia of central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, CX3CL1 acts as a regulator of microglia activation in response to brain disorders or inflammation. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the roles of CX3CL1 in regulating cell adhesion, chemotaxis, and host immune response in viral infection. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the changes and function of CX3CL1 in various viral infections such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, to highlight the emerging roles of CX3CL1 in viral infection and the associated diseases.

Keywords

CX3CL1; CX3CR1; chemokine; viral infection

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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