Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Agronomic and Economic Evaluation of Tree Species in Agroforestry Systems with Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in Amazonas

Nixon Huaman Haro
* ORCID logo ,
Jerry Bryan Lopezhaya Mendoza
ORCID logo ,
Angel James Medina Medina
ORCID logo ,
Jhon Antony Zabaleta Santisteban
ORCID logo ,
Daniel Tineo Flores
,
Lily Juarez-Contreras
,
Malluri Goñas
ORCID logo ,
Manuel Oliva-Cruz
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 15 March 2024 / Approved: 18 March 2024 / Online: 18 March 2024 (16:12:51 CET)

How to cite: Huaman Haro, N.; Lopezhaya Mendoza, J.B.; Medina Medina, A.J.; Zabaleta Santisteban, J.A.; Tineo Flores, D.; Juarez-Contreras, L.; Goñas, M.; Oliva-Cruz, M. Agronomic and Economic Evaluation of Tree Species in Agroforestry Systems with Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in Amazonas. Preprints 2024, 2024031032. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202403.1032.v1 Huaman Haro, N.; Lopezhaya Mendoza, J.B.; Medina Medina, A.J.; Zabaleta Santisteban, J.A.; Tineo Flores, D.; Juarez-Contreras, L.; Goñas, M.; Oliva-Cruz, M. Agronomic and Economic Evaluation of Tree Species in Agroforestry Systems with Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in Amazonas. Preprints 2024, 2024031032. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202403.1032.v1

Abstract

Agroforestry systems (AFS) are beneficial ecosystems that increase cocoa productivity by providing shade and controlling pests. Despite deforestation, there is a transition towards more sustainable practices that combine diverse species with cocoa, generating economic and environmental benefits. This study evaluates AFS with cocoa in the Amazon region. Of the 72 farms evaluated, species diversity was observed, highlighting Cordia alliadora and Calycophyllum spruceanum with an im-portance value index (IVI) of 18.58% and 17.66%, respectively. Fruit trees such as Citrus limetta, Cocos nucifera, Mangifera indica, and Persea americana are common. The designed AFSs proved more profitable, generating revenue from the fourth year, while the conventional ones took longer. Indicators such as Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) supported the effi-ciency of the designed AFS. Six optimal species were identified with specific distances and planting systems, providing up to 45.83% total shade in flat topography and up to 2405 annual shade hours on a 7° slope. These results highlight the economic and agronomic viability of AFSs designed for regional cocoa production.

Keywords

Peru; cocoa; diversity; agroforestry systems; economic analysis

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Forestry

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Download PDF Download Supplementary

Comments (0)

We encourage comments and feedback from a broad range of readers. See criteria for comments and our Diversity statement.

Leave a public comment
Send a private comment to the author(s)
* All users must log in before leaving a comment
Views 0
Downloads 0
Comments 0
Metrics 0
Get PDF Supplementary Files Cite Share 0
Bookmark BibSonomy Mendeley Reddit Delicious
×
Alerts
Notify me about updates to this article or when a peer-reviewed version is published.
We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience.
Read more about our cookies here.