Review
Version 1
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Recent Advances in Pathology of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Version 1
: Received: 2 March 2024 / Approved: 4 March 2024 / Online: 5 March 2024 (09:20:45 CET)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Choi, J.H.; Thung, S.N. Recent Advances in Pathology of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Cancers 2024, 16, 1537. Choi, J.H.; Thung, S.N. Recent Advances in Pathology of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Cancers 2024, 16, 1537.
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICCA) is a malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by biliary differentiation within the liver. ICCA is molecularly heterogeneous and exhibits a broad spectrum of histopathological features. It is a highly aggressive carcinoma with high mortality and poor survival rates. ICCAs are classified into two main subtypes: small duct type and large duct types. These two tumor types have different cell origins and clinicopathological features. ICCAs are characterized by numerous molecular alterations, including mutations in KRAS, TP53, IDH1/2, ARID1A, BAP1, BRAF, SAMD4, and EGFR, and FGFR2 fusion. Two main molecular subtypes–inflammation and proliferation–have been proposed. Recent advances in high-throughput assays using next-generation sequencing have improved our understanding of ICCA pathogenesis and molecular genetics. The diagnosis of ICCA poses a significant challenge for pathologists because of its varied morphologies and phenotypes. Accurate diagnosis of ICCA is essential for effective patient management and prognostic determination. This article provides an updated overview of ICCA pathology, focusing particularly on molecular features, histological subtypes, and diagnostic approaches.
Keywords
intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; pathology; diagnosis; molecular genetics; classification
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Life Sciences
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comments (0)
We encourage comments and feedback from a broad range of readers. See criteria for comments and our Diversity statement.
Leave a public commentSend a private comment to the author(s)
* All users must log in before leaving a comment
