Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Coccomyxa Kj Components Enhance the Expression of Metallothioneins and Th17 Cytokines during Human T Cell Activation

Toshiro Seki
ORCID logo ,
Shino Oshima
,
Satoko Komatsu
,
Soga Yamada
,
Hirofumi Kashiwagi
,
Yumiko Goto
,
Banri Tsuda
,
Akiko Kanno
,
Atsushi Yasuda
ORCID logo ,
Hitoshi Kuno
,
Noriko Tsuji
,
Takashi Shiina
ORCID logo ,
Yoshie Kametani
*
Version 1 : Received: 27 February 2024 / Approved: 27 February 2024 / Online: 27 February 2024 (10:26:51 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Seki, T.; Ohshima, S.; Komatsu, S.; Yamada, S.; Kashiwagi, H.; Goto, Y.; Tsuda, B.; Kanno, A.; Yasuda, A.; Kuno, H.; Tsuji, N.M.; Shiina, T.; Kametani, Y. Coccomyxa subellipsoidea KJ Components Enhance the Expression of Metallothioneins and Th17 Cytokines during Human T Cell Activation. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 741. Seki, T.; Ohshima, S.; Komatsu, S.; Yamada, S.; Kashiwagi, H.; Goto, Y.; Tsuda, B.; Kanno, A.; Yasuda, A.; Kuno, H.; Tsuji, N.M.; Shiina, T.; Kametani, Y. Coccomyxa subellipsoidea KJ Components Enhance the Expression of Metallothioneins and Th17 Cytokines during Human T Cell Activation. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 741.

Abstract

Coccomyxa subellipsoidea KJ (C-KJ) is a green alga with unique immunoregulatory characteristics. Here, we investigated the mechanism underlying the modification of T cell function by C-KJ components. The water-soluble extract of C-KJ was fractionated into protein (P) and sugar (S) fractions [acidic (AS), basic (BS), and neutral (NS)]. These fractions were used for the treatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with toxic shock syndrome toxin-1. Transcriptome analysis revealed that both P and AS enhanced the expression of the genes encoding metallothionein (MT) family proteins, inflammatory factors, and T helper (Th) 17 cytokine and suppressed that of those encoding Th2 cytokines in stimulated T cells. The kinetics of MT1 and MT2A gene expression showed a transient increase in MT1 and maintenance of MT2A mRNA after T cell stimulation in the presence of AS. The kinetics of Th17-related cytokine secretion in the early period were comparable to those of MT2A mRNA. Furthermore, our findings revealed that static, a STAT-3 inhibitor, significantly suppressed MT2A gene expression. These findings suggest that the expression of MTs is involved in the immune regulatory function of C-KJ components, which is partially regulated by Th17 responses, and may help develop innovative immunoregulatory drugs or functional foods.

Keywords

Coccomyxa subellipsoidea KJ; metallothioneins; Th17 cytokines; T cell activation; immunoregulation; transcriptome analysis; peripheral blood mononuclear cells; inflammatory factors; toxic shock syndrome toxin-1; immune regulatory drugs

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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