Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Seroconversion and Kinetics of Vibriocidal Antibodies during the First 90 Days of Re-vaccination with Oral Cholera Vaccine in an Endemic Population

Caroline Cleopatra Chisenga
ORCID logo ,
Bernard Phiri
,
Harriet Ngombe
,
Mutinta Muchimba
ORCID logo ,
Kalo Musukuma
,
Suwilanji Silwamba
,
Natasha Makabilo Laban
ORCID logo ,
Charlie Luchen
,
Fraser Liswaniso
ORCID logo ,
Kennedy Chibesa
ORCID logo ,
Cynthia Mubanga
,
Kapambwe Mwape
,
Michelo Simuyandi
ORCID logo ,
Adam F. Cunningham
,
David A Sack
,
Samuel Bosomprah
*
Version 1 : Received: 8 February 2024 / Approved: 9 February 2024 / Online: 9 February 2024 (11:38:26 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Chisenga, C.C.; Phiri, B.; Ng’ombe, H.; Muchimba, M.; Musukuma-Chifulo, K.; Silwamba, S.; Laban, N.M.; Luchen, C.; Liswaniso, F.; Chibesa, K.; Mubanga, C.; Mwape, K.; Simuyandi, M.; Cunningham, A.F.; Sack, D.; Bosomprah, S. Seroconversion and Kinetics of Vibriocidal Antibodies during the First 90 Days of Re-Vaccination with Oral Cholera Vaccine in an Endemic Population. Vaccines 2024, 12, 390. Chisenga, C.C.; Phiri, B.; Ng’ombe, H.; Muchimba, M.; Musukuma-Chifulo, K.; Silwamba, S.; Laban, N.M.; Luchen, C.; Liswaniso, F.; Chibesa, K.; Mubanga, C.; Mwape, K.; Simuyandi, M.; Cunningham, A.F.; Sack, D.; Bosomprah, S. Seroconversion and Kinetics of Vibriocidal Antibodies during the First 90 Days of Re-Vaccination with Oral Cholera Vaccine in an Endemic Population. Vaccines 2024, 12, 390.

Abstract

Despite the successful introduction of oral cholera vaccines, Zambia continues to experience multiple, sporadic, and protracted cholera outbreaks in various parts of the country. While vaccines have been useful in staying the cholera outbreaks, the ideal window for re-vaccinating individual’s resident in cholera hotspot areas remains unclear. Using a prospective cohort study design, 225 individuals were enrolled, re-vaccinated with two doses of Shanchol™ regardless of previous vaccination and followed-up for 90 days. Bloods collected at baseline before re-vaccination, at day 14 prior to second dosing and subsequently on days 28, 60, and 90. Vibriocidal assay was performed on samples collected at all five time points. Our results showed that anti-LPS and vibriocidal antibody titers increased at day 14 after re-vaccination and decreased gradually at 28, 60 and 90 across all the groups. Seroconversion rates were generally comparable in all treatment arms. We therefore conclude that vibriocidal antibody titers generated in response to re-vaccination still wane quickly irrespective of previous vaccination status. However, despite the observed decline, the levels of vibriocidal antibodies remained elevated over baseline values across all groups, an important aspect for Zambia where there is no empirical evidence as to the ideal time for re-vaccination.

Keywords

Vibrio Cholerae; Shanchol Vaccine; Immunogenicity; HIV; Waning; Cholera Priority Areas

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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