Neumann, J.; Scheid, C.; Dittmer, U. Potential of Decentral Nature-Based Solutions for Mitigation of Pluvial Floods in Urban Areas—A Simulation Study Based on 1D/2D Coupled Modeling. Water2024, 16, 811.
Neumann, J.; Scheid, C.; Dittmer, U. Potential of Decentral Nature-Based Solutions for Mitigation of Pluvial Floods in Urban Areas—A Simulation Study Based on 1D/2D Coupled Modeling. Water 2024, 16, 811.
Neumann, J.; Scheid, C.; Dittmer, U. Potential of Decentral Nature-Based Solutions for Mitigation of Pluvial Floods in Urban Areas—A Simulation Study Based on 1D/2D Coupled Modeling. Water2024, 16, 811.
Neumann, J.; Scheid, C.; Dittmer, U. Potential of Decentral Nature-Based Solutions for Mitigation of Pluvial Floods in Urban Areas—A Simulation Study Based on 1D/2D Coupled Modeling. Water 2024, 16, 811.
Abstract
Cities are especially vulnerable to heavy rainfall events and the associated flooding. Urban drainage systems are not dimensioned to handle extreme heavy rainfall events, there is a need to enhance the resilience of those systems. Nature-based solutions (NBS) have the potential to retrofit existing urban drainage systems by providing, among other benefits, storage volume. This study presents an approach for including NBS with different degrees of implementation in a 1D/2D model and investigates their potential for flood mitigation in a study area in Berlin. The analyzed NBS are infiltration systems (e.g. infiltration swales) dimensioned to return periods of T = 5 and 100 years, various green roofs and tree locations (e.g. tree trenches). The NBS are represented by SWMM LID elements. The results show that overall the mitigation effect of NBS declines with increasing rainfall intensities. However, infiltration systems dimensioned to T = 100 years achieve almost three times the flood reduction compared to systems dimensioned to T = 5 years, even during extreme heavy rainfall events (100 mm), resulting in a reduced total flood volume of 15.1% to 25.8%. Overall, green roofs (excluding extensive green roofs) provide the greatest flood reduction (33.5%), while tree locations have the least effect.
Keywords
NBS; SWMM LID; 1D/2D flood modelling; flood mitigation; infiltration systems; swales; green roofs; tree trenches
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Water Science and Technology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
