Preprint Brief Report Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Canine Leishmaniasis in a Recent Endemic Region in Southern Brazil

Aline Padilha de Fraga
ORCID logo ,
Vinicius Proença da Silveira
,
Patrícia de Freitas Salla
,
Fernanda Gass de Oliveira Goulart
,
André Felipe Streck
,
Vagner Reinaldo Zingalli Bueno Pereira
,
Lauren Santos De Mello
,
André Salvador Kazantzi Fonseca
,
Nilo Ikuta
ORCID logo ,
Vagner Ricardo Lunge
*
Version 1 : Received: 18 January 2024 / Approved: 18 January 2024 / Online: 18 January 2024 (14:02:29 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Fraga, A.P.; Silveira, V.P.; Salla, P.F.; Goulart, F.G.O.; Streck, A.F.; Pereira, V.R.Z.B.; de Mello, L.S.; Fonseca, A.S.K.; Ikuta, N.; Lunge, V.R. Canine Leishmaniasis in Southern Brazil: Diagnosis and Clinical Features in Domestic Dogs. Zoonotic Dis. 2024, 4, 114-122. Fraga, A.P.; Silveira, V.P.; Salla, P.F.; Goulart, F.G.O.; Streck, A.F.; Pereira, V.R.Z.B.; de Mello, L.S.; Fonseca, A.S.K.; Ikuta, N.; Lunge, V.R. Canine Leishmaniasis in Southern Brazil: Diagnosis and Clinical Features in Domestic Dogs. Zoonotic Dis. 2024, 4, 114-122.

Abstract

Leishmania infantum is an hemopathogen of importance for the health of domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), causing canine leishmaniasis (CanL), as well as it is the etiological agent of human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL). This parasite was not reported in southern Brazil until the early 2000s, but CanL and HVL were increasingly reported in the last 15 years, mainly in cities bordering Argentina. The present study aimed to detect L. infantum in urban dogs and to determine the main clinical manifestations in the infected animals from Uruguaiana, a city with a high incidence of CanL. Fifty-one dogs suspected of having CanL in the urban perimeter of the city were clinically examined by veterinarians and investigated for the occurrence of L. infantum with two immunoassays (rapid chromatography test and ELISA) and real-time PCR. Clinical signs were compared in positive and negative L. infantum animals. A total of 31 dogs (60.8%) were infected with L. infantum. The main clinical manifestations associated to CanL dogs were onychogryphosis and peeling (p<0.05). L. infantum was frequently detected in urban dogs from Uruguaiana, highlighting the health concerning situation in this city. The occurrence of some clinical signs (onychogryphosis/peeling) could help to detect more frequently CanL in the canine population.

Keywords

Leishmania infantum; dogs; parasites

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Zoology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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