Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Approach to Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Increased Eosinophils and Basophils

Stavros Papadakis
* ORCID logo ,
Ioannis Liapis
,
Stefanos I. Papadhimitriou
,
Emmanouil Spanoudakis
ORCID logo ,
Ioannis Kotsianidis
,
Konstantinos Liapis
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 11 January 2024 / Approved: 12 January 2024 / Online: 12 January 2024 (07:13:16 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Papadakis, S.; Liapis, I.; Papadhimitriou, S.I.; Spanoudakis, E.; Kotsianidis, I.; Liapis, K. Approach to Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Increased Eosinophils and Basophils. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 876. Papadakis, S.; Liapis, I.; Papadhimitriou, S.I.; Spanoudakis, E.; Kotsianidis, I.; Liapis, K. Approach to Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Increased Eosinophils and Basophils. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 876.

Abstract

There is remarkable morphologic and genetic heterogeneity in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In a small percentage of cases of AML, increased eosinophils and/or basophils are present in the bone marrow and sometimes in the peripheral blood. This is often a puzzling diagnostic situation but also an important finding that requires special investigation. Unique chromosomal rearrangements have been correlated with an increased number of eosinophils and basophils in AML. Identification of the underlying genetic lesion that promotes eosinophilia and basophilia can dramatically change both the prognosis and the treatment of the patient. Thus clinicians must be vigilant in searching for the cause of eosinophilia and/or basophilia in patients with AML, since the different causes may lead to different treatments and survival outcomes. In this article we examine the significance of increased eosinophils and/or basophils in the context of AML, provide guidance that simplifies the differential diagnosis, and prognostic and therapeutic information about specific subtypes of AML associated with eosinophilia and/or basophilia. Evidence supporting personalized (molecularly targeted) therapy for these patients is also presented.

Keywords

acute myeloid leukemia; AML; eosinophil; eosinophilia; basophil; basophilia; morphology; CBF; PDGFRA; PDGFRB

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Hematology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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