Version 1
: Received: 10 January 2024 / Approved: 11 January 2024 / Online: 11 January 2024 (08:07:59 CET)
How to cite:
Li, J.; Zhao, X.; Pei, Y. Advances of Immunotherapies for Pediatric Brain Tumors. Preprints2024, 2024010882. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.0882.v1
Li, J.; Zhao, X.; Pei, Y. Advances of Immunotherapies for Pediatric Brain Tumors. Preprints 2024, 2024010882. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.0882.v1
Li, J.; Zhao, X.; Pei, Y. Advances of Immunotherapies for Pediatric Brain Tumors. Preprints2024, 2024010882. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.0882.v1
APA Style
Li, J., Zhao, X., & Pei, Y. (2024). Advances of Immunotherapies for Pediatric Brain Tumors. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.0882.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Li, J., Xiaoxiao Zhao and Yanxin Pei. 2024 "Advances of Immunotherapies for Pediatric Brain Tumors" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.0882.v1
Abstract
Pediatric brain tumors are the most common solid tumors in children, causing the highest number of cancer-related deaths at young ages. Although existing therapies have improved the 5-year overall survival rate of PBT patients, some high-risk brain tumors continue to resist current treatments. Additionally, the survivors endure devastating long-term side effects, including cognitive defects and sensory and endocrinal dysfunctions. In the past two decades, immunotherapies have evolved significantly, with great success in many cancers. Immunotherapies developed specifically for PBTs also show promising results. Currently, scores of clinical trials are underway to evaluate the safety and feasibility of a wide-range of immunotherapeutics for PBTs, and this review overviews the most recent advances, including the exciting progress made toward treating medulloblastoma, pediatric glioma, and ependymoma. We summarized the cutting-edge immunotherapies under development, including immune checkpoint blockade, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, natural killer (NK)-cell therapy, cancer vaccines, and oncolytic virus therapy. We find that the results from the recently concluded or ongoing clinical trials on safety and feasibility are very encouraging; however, non-responsiveness and tumor recurrence still haunt them. While this review judges the scope of the current immunotherapies, it also lays out strategies to find alternate solutions for persisting issues.
Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
