Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Fetal MRI Analysis of Corpus Callosum Abnormalities: Classification and Associated Anomalies

Kranthi K. Marathu
* ,
Farzan Vahedifard
ORCID logo ,
Mehmet Kocak
ORCID logo ,
Xuchu Liu
ORCID logo ,
Jubril O. Adepoju
,
Rakhee Bowker
,
Mark P. Supanich
,
Rosario M Cosme
,
Sharon Byrd
Version 1 : Received: 10 January 2024 / Approved: 10 January 2024 / Online: 10 January 2024 (11:07:50 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Marathu, K.K.; Vahedifard, F.; Kocak, M.; Liu, X.; Adepoju, J.O.; Bowker, R.M.; Supanich, M.; Cosme-Cruz, R.M.; Byrd, S. Fetal MRI Analysis of Corpus Callosal Abnormalities: Classification, and Associated Anomalies. Diagnostics 2024, 14, 430. Marathu, K.K.; Vahedifard, F.; Kocak, M.; Liu, X.; Adepoju, J.O.; Bowker, R.M.; Supanich, M.; Cosme-Cruz, R.M.; Byrd, S. Fetal MRI Analysis of Corpus Callosal Abnormalities: Classification, and Associated Anomalies. Diagnostics 2024, 14, 430.

Abstract

Background Corpus callosum abnormalities (CCA) are midline developmental brain malformations and are usually associated with a wide spectrum of other neurological and non-neurological abnormalities. The study aims to highlight the diagnostic role of fetal MRI to characterize heterogeneous corpus callosum abnormalities using the latest classification system. It also helps to identify associated anomalies, which have prognostic implications on the postnatal outcome. Methods In this study, retrospective data from antenatal women who underwent fetal MRI between January 2014 and July 2023 at Rush University Medical Center were evaluated for CCA and classified based on structural morphology. Patients were further assessed for associated neurological and non-neurological anomalies. Results The most frequent class of CCA was complete agenesis (79.1%), followed by hypoplasia (12.5%), dysplasia (4.2%) and hypoplasia with dysplasia (4.2%). Amongst them, 17% had isolated CCA, while the majority (83%) had complex forms of CCA associated with other CNS and non-CNS anomalies. Out of the complex CCA cases, 58% were associated with other CNS anomalies, while 8% were associated with non-CNS anomalies. 17% of cases had both. Conclusion The use of fetal MRI is valuable in the classification of abnormalities of the corpus callosum after the confirmation of a diagnosis suspected on prenatal ultrasound. This technique is an invaluable method for distinguishing between isolated and complex forms of CCA, especially in the cases of apparent isolated CCA. The use of diffusion-weighted imaging or diffusion tensor imaging in fetal neuroimaging is expected to provide further insights into white matter abnormalities in fetuses diagnosed with CCA in the future.

Keywords

fetal magnetic resonance imaging; corpus callosum abnormality; central nervous system anomalies; probst bundles; agenesis; hypoplasia; neuroradiology

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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