Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Detection and Negative Reversion of Circulating Tumor Cells as Prognostic Biomarkers for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer with Bone Metastases Treated by Enzalutamide

So Nakamura
,
Masayoshi Nagata
ORCID logo ,
Naoya Nagaya
,
Takeshi Ashizawa
,
Hisashi Hirano
,
Yan Lu
,
Hisamitsu Ide
,
Shigeo Horie
*
Version 1 : Received: 4 January 2024 / Approved: 4 January 2024 / Online: 4 January 2024 (11:29:18 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Nakamura, S.; Nagata, M.; Nagaya, N.; Ashizawa, T.; Hirano, H.; Lu, Y.; Ide, H.; Horie, S. The Detection and Negative Reversion of Circulating Tumor Cells as Prognostic Biomarkers for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer with Bone Metastases Treated by Enzalutamide. Cancers 2024, 16, 772. Nakamura, S.; Nagata, M.; Nagaya, N.; Ashizawa, T.; Hirano, H.; Lu, Y.; Ide, H.; Horie, S. The Detection and Negative Reversion of Circulating Tumor Cells as Prognostic Biomarkers for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer with Bone Metastases Treated by Enzalutamide. Cancers 2024, 16, 772.

Abstract

Enzalutamide is a second-generation androgen-receptor inhibitor that increases overall survival (OS) rates in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). This study evaluates the efficacy of circulating tumor cell (CTC) status as a prognostic biomarker after enzalutamide administration. A retrospective subgroup analysis and prognostic survey of 43 patients with mCRPC and bone metastases, treated in Juntendo University-affiliated hospitals from 2015–2022, were conducted. Patients were treated with 160 mg enzalutamide daily. CTC analyses on blood samples were performed regularly before and every three months post-treatment. Relationship between the patients' clinical factors and the OS rate was analyzed using the log-rank test; the median OS was 37 months. Patients with no detected CTCs at baseline showed significantly longer OS than those with CTCs at baseline. Furthermore, patients showing negative reversion of CTCs during enzalutamide treatment had significantly longer OS than patients with CTC-positive continuation. Two biomarkers–higher hemoglobin at baseline and achieving negative-reversion of CTCs–were significantly associated with prolonged OS. This study suggests that patients achieving CTC-negative reversion during treatment for mCRPC with bone metastases exhibit improved long-term OS. Chronological measurement of CTC status might be clinically useful in treatment of mCRPC.

Keywords

circulating tumor cells (CTCs); enzalutamide; bone metastases; castration-resistant prostate cancer; androgen receptor signaling inhibitor

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Urology and Nephrology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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