Version 1
: Received: 17 December 2023 / Approved: 20 December 2023 / Online: 20 December 2023 (14:05:37 CET)
How to cite:
Cruz, C.N.; Amaro de Faria Jr., A.C. Background gravitational waves as signature of the accelerated cosmic expansion. Preprints2023, 2023121564. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.1564.v1
Cruz, C.N.; Amaro de Faria Jr., A.C. Background gravitational waves as signature of the accelerated cosmic expansion. Preprints 2023, 2023121564. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.1564.v1
Cruz, C.N.; Amaro de Faria Jr., A.C. Background gravitational waves as signature of the accelerated cosmic expansion. Preprints2023, 2023121564. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.1564.v1
APA Style
Cruz, C.N., & Amaro de Faria Jr., A.C. (2023). Background gravitational waves as signature of the accelerated cosmic expansion. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.1564.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Cruz, C.N. and Antônio Carlos Amaro de Faria Jr.. 2023 "Background gravitational waves as signature of the accelerated cosmic expansion" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.1564.v1
Abstract
We propose a toy model of a spherical universe made up of an exotic dark gas with temperature $T$ in thermal equilibrium with a black-body. Each particle of this exotic gas mimics a kind of particle of dark energy. So, each dark particle occupies a very small area of space so-called Planck area $L_p^{2}$, which represents the minimum area of the whole space-time given by the spherical surface with area $4\pi R_H^2$, where $R_H$ is the Hubble radius. We realize that such spherical surface is the surface of the black-body for representing the dark universe as if it were the surface of an expanding balloon. Thus, we are able to derive the law of universal gravitation, thus leading us to understand the cosmological anti-gravity. We estimate the tiny order of magnitude of the cosmological constant and the acceleration of expansion of the dark sphere. In this toy model, as the dark universe can be thought of as a large black body, when we obtain its power and frequency of emission of radiation, we find very low values. We conclude that such radiation and frequency of the black body made up of dark energy is a background gravitational wave with very low frequency in the order of $\sim 10^{-17}$Hz due to the slight stretching of the fabric of space-time.
Keywords
gravitational waves, dark energy, cosmological constant, Planck length
Subject
Physical Sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
