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3D Magnetization Textures: Toroidal Magnetic Hopfion Stability in Cylindrical Samples
Version 1
: Received: 11 December 2023 / Approved: 12 December 2023 / Online: 12 December 2023 (07:15:55 CET)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Guslienko, K. 3D Magnetization Textures: Toroidal Magnetic Hopfion Stability in Cylindrical Samples. Nanomaterials 2024, 14, 125. Guslienko, K. 3D Magnetization Textures: Toroidal Magnetic Hopfion Stability in Cylindrical Samples. Nanomaterials 2024, 14, 125.
Abstract
Topologically non-trivial magnetization configurations in ferromagnetic materials on the nanoscale, such as hopfions, skyrmions, vortices, etc., attract considerable attention of researchers during the last years. In this article applying the theory of micromagnetism, I demonstrate that the toroidal hopfion magnetization configuration is a metastable state of a thick cylindrical ferromagnetic nanodot or a nanowire of a finite radius. Existence of this state is a result of the competition of the exchange, magnetostatic, and magnetic anisotropy energies. The Dzyaloshinskyi-Moriya exchange interaction and surface magnetic anisotropy are of the second importance for the hopfion stabilization. The toroidal hopfion metastable magnetization configuration may be reached in the process of the sample re-magnetizing by applying an external magnetic field along the cylindrical axis.
Keywords
ferromagnetic materials; nanodots; nanowires; magnetization textures; topological charge; magnetic hopfion
Subject
Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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