Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

3D Magnetization Textures: Toroidal Magnetic Hopfion Stability in Cylindrical Samples

Version 1 : Received: 11 December 2023 / Approved: 12 December 2023 / Online: 12 December 2023 (07:15:55 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Guslienko, K. 3D Magnetization Textures: Toroidal Magnetic Hopfion Stability in Cylindrical Samples. Nanomaterials 2024, 14, 125. Guslienko, K. 3D Magnetization Textures: Toroidal Magnetic Hopfion Stability in Cylindrical Samples. Nanomaterials 2024, 14, 125.

Abstract

Topologically non-trivial magnetization configurations in ferromagnetic materials on the nanoscale, such as hopfions, skyrmions, vortices, etc., attract considerable attention of researchers during the last years. In this article applying the theory of micromagnetism, I demonstrate that the toroidal hopfion magnetization configuration is a metastable state of a thick cylindrical ferromagnetic nanodot or a nanowire of a finite radius. Existence of this state is a result of the competition of the exchange, magnetostatic, and magnetic anisotropy energies. The Dzyaloshinskyi-Moriya exchange interaction and surface magnetic anisotropy are of the second importance for the hopfion stabilization. The toroidal hopfion metastable magnetization configuration may be reached in the process of the sample re-magnetizing by applying an external magnetic field along the cylindrical axis.

Keywords

ferromagnetic materials; nanodots; nanowires; magnetization textures; topological charge; magnetic hopfion

Subject

Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics

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