Version 1
: Received: 1 December 2023 / Approved: 4 December 2023 / Online: 4 December 2023 (11:27:43 CET)
How to cite:
Burgos-Salcedo, J. Knowledge Representation of Age-Related Diseases under Innate and Adaptative-Immunosenescence Valued Contexts. Preprints2023, 2023120166. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.0166.v1
Burgos-Salcedo, J. Knowledge Representation of Age-Related Diseases under Innate and Adaptative-Immunosenescence Valued Contexts. Preprints 2023, 2023120166. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.0166.v1
Burgos-Salcedo, J. Knowledge Representation of Age-Related Diseases under Innate and Adaptative-Immunosenescence Valued Contexts. Preprints2023, 2023120166. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.0166.v1
APA Style
Burgos-Salcedo, J. (2023). Knowledge Representation of Age-Related Diseases under Innate and Adaptative-Immunosenescence Valued Contexts. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.0166.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Burgos-Salcedo, J. 2023 "Knowledge Representation of Age-Related Diseases under Innate and Adaptative-Immunosenescence Valued Contexts" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.0166.v1
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for the higher incidence and prevalence of chronic conditions, such as cancer, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. Closely linked with the onset of all these age-related diseases is immunosenescence, a condition defined as progressive reconfiguration of the immune functions leading to an increased susceptibility to infectious diseases, poorer response to vaccination, increased prevalence of cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and other chronic diseases characterized by a pro-inflammatory state named inflammaging. Given that immunosenescence frames age-related diseases, it is natural to ask how these illnesses are related under the context of innate and adaptative components of the immune system. Knowledge processing by Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) of age-related diseases framed in an immunosenescence multivalued context shows that a hierarchy among these diseases emerges with a subconcept-superconcept nested structure, with two clusters, first made of metabolic diseases, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Second metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases and rheumatoid arthritis. Metabolic diseases seem to be a pivot illness and they must be a primary target given their global incidence and prevalence and their cost-effective treatments like regular physical activity, weight loss, healthy diet, stopping smoking, and reducing or managing stress. Another implication of the ontological analysis of age-related diseases is about the nature of immunosenescence, suggesting that initial symptoms of age-related diseases are mainly related to innate immune mechanisms, and developing of severe symptoms of age-related diseases like cancer, cardiovascular or neurodegenerative diseases depends on the activation of acquired immunity processes.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
