Version 1
: Received: 22 November 2023 / Approved: 27 November 2023 / Online: 27 November 2023 (11:48:53 CET)
Version 2
: Received: 16 January 2024 / Approved: 16 January 2024 / Online: 16 January 2024 (14:32:24 CET)
Vanbaelen, T.; Laumen, J.; Van Dijck, C.; De Block, T.; Manoharan-Basil, S.S.; Kenyon, C. Lack of Association between Antimicrobial Consumption and Antimicrobial Resistance in a HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. Antibiotics2024, 13, 188.
Vanbaelen, T.; Laumen, J.; Van Dijck, C.; De Block, T.; Manoharan-Basil, S.S.; Kenyon, C. Lack of Association between Antimicrobial Consumption and Antimicrobial Resistance in a HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. Antibiotics 2024, 13, 188.
Vanbaelen, T.; Laumen, J.; Van Dijck, C.; De Block, T.; Manoharan-Basil, S.S.; Kenyon, C. Lack of Association between Antimicrobial Consumption and Antimicrobial Resistance in a HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. Antibiotics2024, 13, 188.
Vanbaelen, T.; Laumen, J.; Van Dijck, C.; De Block, T.; Manoharan-Basil, S.S.; Kenyon, C. Lack of Association between Antimicrobial Consumption and Antimicrobial Resistance in a HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. Antibiotics 2024, 13, 188.
Abstract
Background:
In antibiotic naïve populations, there is a strong association between the use of an antimicrobial and resistance to this antimicrobial. Less evidence is available as to whether this relationship is weakened in populations highly exposed to antimicrobials. Individuals taking HIV PrEP have a high intake of antimicrobials. We previously found that there was no difference in the prevalence of pheno- and genotypic antimicrobial resistance between two groups of PrEP clients who had, and had not, taken antimicrobials in the prior 6-months. Both groups did, however, have a higher prevalence of resistance than a sample of the general population.
Methods:
In the current study, we used zero-inflated negative binomial regression models to evaluate if there was an individual level association between the consumption of antimicrobials and 1. the minimum inhibitory susceptibilities of oral Neisseria subflava and 2. the abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes in the oropharynges of these individuals.
Results:
We found no evidence of an association between the consumption of antimicrobials and the minimum inhibitory susceptibilities of oral Neisseria subflava or the abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes in these individuals.
Conclusions:
We conclude that in high antimicrobial consumption populations, the association between antimicrobial consumption and resistance may be attenuated.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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