Version 1
: Received: 17 November 2023 / Approved: 20 November 2023 / Online: 20 November 2023 (14:00:14 CET)
How to cite:
Bhardwaj, L.K.; Singh, V.V.; Dwivedi, K.; Rai, S. A Comprehensive Review on Sources, Types, Impact and Challenges of Air Pollution. Preprints2023, 2023111245. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.1245.v1
Bhardwaj, L.K.; Singh, V.V.; Dwivedi, K.; Rai, S. A Comprehensive Review on Sources, Types, Impact and Challenges of Air Pollution. Preprints 2023, 2023111245. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.1245.v1
Bhardwaj, L.K.; Singh, V.V.; Dwivedi, K.; Rai, S. A Comprehensive Review on Sources, Types, Impact and Challenges of Air Pollution. Preprints2023, 2023111245. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.1245.v1
APA Style
Bhardwaj, L.K., Singh, V.V., Dwivedi, K., & Rai, S. (2023). A Comprehensive Review on Sources, Types, Impact and Challenges of Air Pollution. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.1245.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Bhardwaj, L.K., Kuldeep Dwivedi and Swapnil Rai. 2023 "A Comprehensive Review on Sources, Types, Impact and Challenges of Air Pollution" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.1245.v1
Abstract
Air pollution has been a major environmental issue worldwide from the last few decades. It is a man-made issue that has a serious harmful impact on the environment and the health of humans. There are different sources of emission, but industrial processes and motor vehicles contribute to a chief part of air pollution. It has acute as well as chronic effects on the health of humans and affects different organs. It is thought the main environmental risk factor in the incidence and progression of several diseases such as lung cancer, asthma, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Long-term exposure to air pollution has different toxicological impacts on humans such as respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, neuropsychiatric complications, eye irritation and skin diseases. As per the study by the World Health Organization (WHO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and heavy metals are the major air contaminants. These pollutants are different in their properties, composition and time of disintegration. The aim of this study is to review the different sources, types, impacts, challenges and mitigation of air pollution in detail.
Keywords
Air pollution; Human health; Environment;Carbon monoxide (CO); Sulfur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Ozone (O3), Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Environmental Science
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
