PreprintArticleVersion 1Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
In Situ Detection of Salmonid Alphavirus 3 (SAV3) in Tissues of Atlantic Salmon in a Cohabitation Challenge Model with a Special Focus on the Immune Response to the Virus in the Pseudobranch
Version 1
: Received: 17 October 2023 / Approved: 17 October 2023 / Online: 18 October 2023 (08:29:28 CEST)
How to cite:
Tartor, H.; Bernhardt, L.; Mohammad, S.N.; Kuiper, R.; Weli, S.C. In Situ Detection of Salmonid Alphavirus 3 (SAV3) in Tissues of Atlantic Salmon in a Cohabitation Challenge Model with a Special Focus on the Immune Response to the Virus in the Pseudobranch. Preprints2023, 2023101132. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202310.1132.v1
Tartor, H.; Bernhardt, L.; Mohammad, S.N.; Kuiper, R.; Weli, S.C. In Situ Detection of Salmonid Alphavirus 3 (SAV3) in Tissues of Atlantic Salmon in a Cohabitation Challenge Model with a Special Focus on the Immune Response to the Virus in the Pseudobranch. Preprints 2023, 2023101132. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202310.1132.v1
Tartor, H.; Bernhardt, L.; Mohammad, S.N.; Kuiper, R.; Weli, S.C. In Situ Detection of Salmonid Alphavirus 3 (SAV3) in Tissues of Atlantic Salmon in a Cohabitation Challenge Model with a Special Focus on the Immune Response to the Virus in the Pseudobranch. Preprints2023, 2023101132. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202310.1132.v1
APA Style
Tartor, H., Bernhardt, L., Mohammad, S.N., Kuiper, R., & Weli, S.C. (2023). In Situ Detection of Salmonid Alphavirus 3 (SAV3) in Tissues of Atlantic Salmon in a Cohabitation Challenge Model with a Special Focus on the Immune Response to the Virus in the Pseudobranch. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202310.1132.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Tartor, H., Raoul Kuiper and Simon C Weli. 2023 "In Situ Detection of Salmonid Alphavirus 3 (SAV3) in Tissues of Atlantic Salmon in a Cohabitation Challenge Model with a Special Focus on the Immune Response to the Virus in the Pseudobranch" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202310.1132.v1
Abstract
Salmonid alphavirus strain 3 is responsible for outbreaks of pancreas disease in salmon and rainbow trout in Norway. Although the extensive amount of research on SAV3 focused mainly on the heart and pancreas (of clinical importance), tropism and pathogenesis studies of the virus in other salmon tissues are limited. Here, we used a combination of RT-qPCR (Q_nsp1 gene) and in situ hybridization (RNAscope®) to demonstrate the tropism of SAV3 in situ in tissues of Atlantic salmon, employing a challenge model (by cohabitation). In addition, as previous results suggested that pseudobranch may harbor the virus, the change in the expression of different immune genes upon SAV3 infection (RT-qPCR) was focused on the pseudobranch in the current study. In situ hybridization detected SAV3 in the heart, pseudobranch, gills, pyloric caeca, and pancreas after virus infection, with the heart ventricle showing the most extensive infection. Furthermore, the detection of the virus at different adipose tissues associated with the internal organs of the salmon, suggests a specific affinity of SAV3 to adipocyte’s components. The innate immune response to SAV3 in the pseudobranch after infection dominated over the adaptive responses, yet it did not mitigate the infection in that tissue. The early detection of SAV3 in the pseudobranch after infection, along with the persistent low infection over the experimental course, suggests a pivotal role of the pseudobranch in SAV3 pathogenesis in Atlantic salmon.
Biology and Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Zoology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
