Shannon Entropy of Chemical Elements

Szymon Łukaszyk

doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1112.v3

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preprints.org > physical sciences > atomic and molecular physics > doi: 10.20944/preprints202310.1112.v3

Preprint Article Version 3 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Shannon Entropy of Chemical Elements

Szymon Łukaszyk

Version 1 : Received: 16 October 2023 / Approved: 17 October 2023 / Online: 19 October 2023 (11:30:20 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 20 October 2023 / Approved: 20 October 2023 / Online: 23 October 2023 (12:08:40 CEST)
Version 3 : Received: 16 November 2023 / Approved: 16 November 2023 / Online: 17 November 2023 (15:13:11 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Łukaszyk, S. (2023). Shannon Entropy of Chemical Elements. Łukaszyk, S. (2023). Shannon Entropy of Chemical Elements.

Abstract

Hund's rule of maximum multiplicity is a powerful empirical tool for determining the electron population of electronic shells. It was recently discovered that it is also the rule of minimum Shannon entropy. This study extends these findings to the Aufbau rule and discusses them from the perspective of emergent dimensionality, providing a monotonically increasing entropy function. We observed that some elements that violate the Aufbau rule have the same entropies in the actual and Aufbau electron configurations. On the other hand, lower entropies of all actual elements' configurations are associated with higher or equal numbers of unpaired electrons in these configurations compared to the Aufbau configurations. The only exception to this rule is palladium.

Keywords

Hund's rule; Aufbau rule; assembly theory; second law of infodynamics; emergent dimensionality; mathematical physics

Subject

Physical Sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Comments (1)

Comment 1

Received: 17 November 2023
Commenter: Szymon Łukaszyk
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author

Comment: Periodic table of chemical elements arranged according to their entropy and spin-multiplicity.
Aufbau rule and OEIS sequences A167268, A093907, A018227, and A216607.
Analytical formula for the number of distinct electron sets available for an orbital.
Clarity and reasoning corrections.

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