Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Isolation and Molecular Characterization of a Novel Podo-virus BIS08P22 having a Unique Terminase Enzyme Representing a new Genus in Class Caudoviricetes

Sadia Sattar
* ORCID logo ,
Vincenzo Carbone
ORCID logo ,
Zarrin Basharat
ORCID logo ,
Nazish Bostan
,
Aamira Tariq
ORCID logo ,
Sundus Javed
ORCID logo ,
Inam Ullah
,
Sofia Khanum
,
Akasha Yaqoob
,
Ibrar Ahmed
,
Muhammad Athar Abbas
,
Syed Tahir Abbas Shah
ORCID logo ,
Eric Altermann
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 2 October 2023 / Approved: 2 October 2023 / Online: 3 October 2023 (08:19:22 CEST)

How to cite: Sattar, S.; Carbone, V.; Basharat, Z.; Bostan, N.; Tariq, A.; Javed, S.; Ullah, I.; Khanum, S.; Yaqoob, A.; Ahmed, I.; Abbas, M.A.; Shah, S.T.A.; Altermann, E. Isolation and Molecular Characterization of a Novel Podo-virus BIS08P22 having a Unique Terminase Enzyme Representing a new Genus in Class Caudoviricetes. Preprints 2023, 2023100094. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202310.0094.v1 Sattar, S.; Carbone, V.; Basharat, Z.; Bostan, N.; Tariq, A.; Javed, S.; Ullah, I.; Khanum, S.; Yaqoob, A.; Ahmed, I.; Abbas, M.A.; Shah, S.T.A.; Altermann, E. Isolation and Molecular Characterization of a Novel Podo-virus BIS08P22 having a Unique Terminase Enzyme Representing a new Genus in Class Caudoviricetes. Preprints 2023, 2023100094. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202310.0094.v1

Abstract

Salmonella enterica includes enteric pathogens of zoonotic potential, possessing one of the largest pools of temperate phages in their genomes. One such class of phages previously called Podoviridae (Now genera placed directly under class Caudoviricetes temporarily) is the largest group of temperate phages that lysogenize clinically and economically important Salmonella enterica serovars. These phages are capable of generalized transduction and are well known for carrying foreign DNA (mobile genetic elements and resistance genes) to new bacterial species that play a major role in the evolution, pathogenicity, and host adaptability of Salmonella serovars. Here we report a novel species of podo viruses; Salmonella phage BIS08P22 (BIS08) that infects Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain SE-BS17 (Acc. NO: MZ503545). Phage BIS08 was viable only at biological pH and temperature (pH7 and 37 °C) and features 41,574 -base pair (bp) linear ds DNA genome with 47% GC content. It encodes 73 putative Open Reading Frames (ORFs), has a mosaic arrangement, and shares only 16 core genes with its closest homologs. BIS08 genome possesses only 52 % homology (genome-wide Nucleotide homology by VIRIDIC analysis) with members of the genus Lederbergvirus which is not sufficient to place it in the same genus. This phage has a unique terminase enzyme (DNA packaging motor) with no nucleotide and protein homology with any known member of the Lederbergvirus genus. We carried out a detailed phylogenetic and genome analysis of this novel phage and proposed its placement in a new genus. Our study also suggests a revision in the classification of the genus Lederbergvirus. We also performed in silico structural analysis of the BIS08 unique terminase enzyme comparing it to its close homologs.

Keywords

Podo virus; temperate phages; Short tail phages, novel phage terminase, Lederbergvirus

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Virology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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